Abstract-Wireless sensor networks are facing many challenges such as the limited resource in processing power, storage and energy. The limited energy resource is one of the main challenges facing the security in such networks. This paper aims to improve the current security mechanisms in wireless sensor networks as well as reducing power consumption. LEACH protocol provides an energy routing protocol. However, it doesn't cover the security problems. Alternatively, this paper aims to provide an improved secure and more energy efficient routing protocol called LS-LEACH (Lightweight Secure LEACH). Authentication algorithm is integrated to assure data integrity, authenticity and availability. Furthermore, this paper shows the improvement over LEACH protocol that makes it secure and how to make it more energy efficient to reduce the effect of the overhead energy consumption from the added security measures.
Abstract-In this paper we propose a new algorithm for secret key sharing by utilizing quantum entanglement swapping and remote preparation of quantum state. This algorithm is used when two parties do not share an Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pair but one wishes to transmit a secret key to the other. In order to successfully accomplish this process, a third party who shares an EPR pair with both parties will help them build a new EPR pair. The new EPR pair will be used between the sender and the receiver to remotely prepare a quantum state. This process will provide a secure way to share secret keys between the two parties who do not share EPR pairs. Furthermore, the process doesn't require sending any physical quantum state, instead the sender prepares a known state and sends only one classical bit to the receiver to help build an intended quantum state.
Challenges facing the deployment of quantum key distribution (QKD) systems in critical infrastructure protection applications include the optical loss-key rate tradeoff, addition of network clients, and interoperability of vendor-specific QKD hardware. Here, we address these challenges and present results from a recent field demonstration of three QKD systems on a real-world electric utility optical fiber network.
As practical quantum networks prepare to serve an ever-expanding number
of nodes, there has grown a need for advanced auxiliary classical
systems that support the quantum protocols and maintain compatibility
with the existing fiber-optic infrastructure. We propose and
demonstrate a quantum local area network design that addresses current
deployment limitations in timing and security in a scalable fashion
using commercial off-the-shelf components. First, we employ White
Rabbit switches to synchronize three remote nodes with ultra-low
timing jitter, significantly increasing the fidelities of the
distributed entangled states over previous work with Global
Positioning System clocks. Second, using a parallel quantum key
distribution channel, we secure the classical communications needed
for instrument control and data management. In this way, the
conventional network that manages our entanglement network is secured
using keys generated via an underlying quantum key distribution layer,
preserving the integrity of the supporting systems and the relevant
data in a future-proof fashion.
An Ad Hoc network has no infrastructure and it provides flexibility to network's nodes to connect and disconnect at any time. A MANET is an Ad Hoc network that provides freedom of movement to the network's nodes. In a MANET, The development of routing protocols is one of the main challenges and much research has been done to evaluate the current protocols to improve them or to develop new protocols. There are several protocols that have been tested in the past and each protocol has its advantages and disadvantages depending on the applications. In this paper, we evaluate Dynamic MANET On-demand routing protocol (DYMO), Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing protocol (AODV) and Dynamic Source Routing protocol (DSR). We evaluate the performance based on throughput, dropped packets and end-to-end delay.
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