khususnya sistem intensif. Harga pakan sangat mempengaruhi biaya produksi dan keuntungan yang diperoleh dari usaha budidaya. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan bahan baku pakan ikan yang murah. Beberapa kriteria yang harus dipertimbangkan dalam mencari bahan baku pakan ikan antara lain dapat memenuhi kebutuhan nutrisi ikan, memiliki kualitas baik, tersedia dalam jumlah besar dan berkelanjutan, tidak bersaing dengan kebutuhan manusia, dan harga PENDAHULUAN Ikan nila ABSTRACTThis research aimed at determining digestibility coefficient of cassava peel(Manihot utilissima) after immersion in 3% (w/v) NaOH for three days, fermentation using combined fungi of 10% Trichoderma viride and Phanerochaete chrysosporium for seven days, and fermentation using 15% (w/w) Bacillus megaterium for five days as feed ingredients for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Total digestibility test was conducted by mixing 30% of cassava peel and 70% of reference diet. Nile tilapia at the average weight of 16.6 g were used as experimental fish. Fish was held for 28 days in aquarium (50x50x50 cm 3 ) at the density of 10 fish/aquarium. Fish were fed twice daily to satiation. Feces collection started after five days of adaptation to chromium oxide diets. The results showed that the three treatments had significant effects compared to control (P<0.05), protein digestibility of were improved 5%, 15%, and 10%, energy digestibilitiy were 20%, 18%, 16%, and total digestibility of test cassava peel were 174%, 151%, and 164%, respectively. Cassava peel fermented with combined 10% mold showed the highest protein digestibility impliying it potency as feed ingredient for Nile tilapia diet.Keywords: Nile tilapia, cassava peel, NaOH, mold, bacteria, digestibility ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kecernaan kulit ubi kayu (Manihot utilissima) setelah perendaman dengan NaOH 3% (w/v) selama tiga hari, fermentasi kapang Trichoderma viride dan Phanerochaete chrysosporium 10% (w/w) selama tujuh hari, dan fermentasi bakteri Bacillus megaterium 15% (w/w) selama lima hari sebagai bahan baku pakan ikan nila. Uji kecernaan total bahan dilakukan dengan mencampurkan 30% kulit ubi kayu dengan 70% pakan acuan. Ikan uji yang digunakan adalah ikan nila dengan bobot rata-rata 16,6 g. Ikan dipelihara selama 28 hari dengan kepadatan 10 ekor/akuarium berukuran 50x50x50 cm 3 . Pemberian pakan dilakukan dua kali sehari secara at satiation. Pengumpulan feses dimulai setelah lima hari adaptasi pakan uji yang diberi indikator kromium oksida. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketiga perlakuan memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata terhadap kontrol (P<0,05) dan meningkatkan nilai kecernaan protein pakan berturut-turut sebesar 5%, 15%, dan 10%, nilai kecernaan energi sebesar 20%, 18%, dan 16%, serta nilai kecernaan total bahan sebesar 174%, 151%, dan 164%. Perlakuan kulit ubi kayu yang difermentasi dengan kapang menunjukkan nilai kecernaan protein pakan yang tertinggi sehingga berpotensi sebagai bahan baku pakan ikan nila.Kata kunci: ikan nila, kulit ubi kayu, NaOH, kapan...
The evaluation of fish capacity to digest an alternative ingredient is a critical aspect. The highly digestible ingredients will improve fish growth performance and reducing the production of wastes. This experiment was conducted to determine the digestibility of improved sugar cane bagasse as an ingredient on Barbonymus schwanenfeldii diet. The nutrient contents of improved sugar cane bagasse were crude protein, lipid, ash, crude fiber, carbohydrates (by difference) of 22.27%, 0.68%, 8.03%, 12.75%, and 55.23% (in dry weight), respectively. To measure the digestibility of improved sugar cane bagasse, a test diet in which 30% by weight of the reference diet was replaced with improved sugar cane bagasse. Chromic oxide was used as a marker and added 0.6% to both reference and test diets. Fifteen fishes with an average weight of 10.00±0.53 g were held in 110L aquaria and fed three times daily at satiation level. The digestibility of improved sugar cane bagasse on B. schwanenfeldii was 66.08%, protein 84.35%, lipid 95.26%, and energy 70.49%. The result showed that the nutritive value of improved sugar cane bagasse in this present study was fairly digestible by B. schwanenfeldii and it could be an ingredient in its diet.
Garlic is a type of medicinal plant known to act as an immunostimulant. The purpose of this research is to examine the percentage of garlic extract on growth, survival, and blood profile. The research was conducted at the Research Station for Environmental Technology and Toxicology Freshwater Aquaculture, Cibalagung, Bogor, West Java. Fish reared using aquarium with a size of 60 × 50 × 40 cm, using an aeration system with a stocking density of 20 fish/aquarium. A completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications were performed. The treatments were as followed: A. 0% without garlic in the feed (control); B. 1% garlic in feed; C. 3% garlic in feed, and D. 5% garlic in the feed. The results showed that the addition of garlic extract to the feed had a significant effect on absolute growth and daily growth rate (p>0.05), where the addition of 1% showed the highest value in weight gain (17.75 ± 0.48 g) and daily growth rate (0.42 ± 0.01 g/day), erythrocytes (1.74 × 106 cells/mm3), and hemoglobin (6.04 g%). This study can be concluded that adding garlic extract to feed at a dose of 1% or 10 g/kg of feed resulted in the highest growth.
This research was conducted to optimize the performance of aquatic plants in maintaining water quality in common carp breeding. This study consisted of three treatments, namely: A. Lemna minor, B. Azolla pinnata, and C. Control (without plant) with three replications. The size of common carp juvenile used was ± 3 cm with a density of 150 individuals/m2. Feed was given ad satiation. The parameters observed were survival rate, weight, daily growth rate, water quality such as Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), nitrogen and phosphate reduction. The research design used was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Whereas the effectiveness of aquatic plants and water quality analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the highest survival rate and productivity of common carp breeding ponds were in treatment B, namely 86% and 463.80g. The growth rates between the three treatments were not significantly different (p> 0.05), each of which was 0.08; 0.08 and 0.09 g day−1. The BOD reduction results in treatments A, B, and C, respectively 54.65, 54.65 and 52.33%. Nitrogen reduction in each treatment was (A) 67.54%; (B) 87.37%: (C) 25.27%. Furthermore, treatment A and B did not differ in the reduction of elemental P, respectively 52.68 and 55.20%, but in C the reduction was still low at 36.75%. Optimum water quality for dissolved oxygen in treatment A, B, and C respectively 7.24; 7.57 and 3.14 mg L−1. The temperature range between treatments was 24.5 - 27.2 with a pH value of 6.00 - 6.87.
This research was conducted to determine the performance of catfish given environmental probiotics during breeding. Catfish used in the study had a length of 1 - 1.5 cm and a weight of 0.065 ± 0.1 grams with a stocking density of 1000 individuals per pond. The study carried out in a stagnant pond. The treatments given were: 1) using probiotic and 2) without probiotic as acontrol. The study was conducted for 60 days. Parameters measured were growth, survival and water quality. Data analysis was carried out descriptively. The results showed that catfish given probiotics had a more uniform size with an average size of 9.54 cm and 5.89 grams. Whereas catfish without being given probiotic vary in size with an average length of about 6.73 cm and weight around 2.35 grams. The weight growth of fish given probiotic was 5.83 grams with the survival rate of 85%. While fish without probiotic have a weight growth of 2.29 grams with a survival rate of 60%. Levels of ammonia in water media with Rifa probiotic better than without Rifa probiotic. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the use of the environmental probiotic showed a better performance on catfish growth than the control (without probiotic).
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