The present paper describes a palatographic investigation of Javanese coronal stops. Javanese exhibits stop consonants at both dental and alveolar places of articulation. In the current roman orthography, the dentals are represented by the single letterst, d, while the alveolars are represented by the digraphsth, dh. Thus, for example,titik[titI?] ‘full stop’ contrasts withthithik[titI?] ‘a little’.
Deaf and hard-of-hearing people have limitations in communication, espe-cially on aspects of language, intelligence, and social adjustment. To com-municate, deaf people use sign language or lipreading. For normal people, it is very difficult to use sign language. They have to memorize many hand signs. Therefore, lipreading is a necessary for communication between nor-mal and deaf people. In Indonesia, there is still few education media for deaf people to learn lipreading. To overcome this challenge, we develop a lipread-ing educational media to help deaf and hard-of-hearing to learn Bahasa In-donesia, called BacaBicara. User-Centered Design (UCD) is implemented to design the application and to analyze the constraints and conceptual models for the needs of users. This conceptual model uses the picture, lipreading video, text, and sign language to help the users understand the contents. The High fidelity prototype was implemented for evaluating usability testing. Based on the evaluation of the application, the results show that the proto-type matches the usability goals and the user experience.
Abstract-The main part of learning a language is pronunciation. In language learning method, pronunciation practice requires more portion than the language theory. There are some obstacles experienced by foreign learners to learn Indonesian because they are still strongly influenced by their mother tongue which is really different from Indonesian. There are some courses of learning Indonesian, indeed, but the foreign learners have to stay in Indonesia to join them. On the other hand, the researchers have successfully proven that the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) can help the learners in learning a language. In this paper, we have developed a system of the Online Self-Learning of Indonesian Pronunciation for Foreign Learner using Indonesian Text to Audio Visual Speech which is able to help the foreign learners to overcome their obstacles in learning Indonesian, especially the pronunciation. This system consists of 2(two) application modules: Indonesian Text to Speech (ITTS) and Indonesian Text to Audio Visual Speech (ITTAVS). In order to find out whether this system is feasible or not for foreign learners' skill in pronouncing the Indonesian words, a subjective measurement using subjective test Mean Opinion Score (MOS) is used. We organized native speakers (Indonesians) as the participants of this test. Some of them are lecturers of Indonesian language and can be considered as experts. The average scores (using MOS scale) of the tests given showed a promising result. This system is dedicated to the foreign learners who need to improve their skill in pronouncing the Indonesian words accurately and to change the classical method of learning into a self-learning method.
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