This study investigated the utilization of plastic-waste concrete as an effort to reduce urban waste problems. The waste plastic bottles were utilized to form the hollows of the hollow-core slabs (HCSs). The bottles were made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET). As a part of green research to reuse waste material, shredded PET was also added to the concrete mixture to improve the HCS strength. The cast-in-site HCS could be constructed without any difficulties. Three parameters were investigated: the effects of void content, shredded PET content, and steel-fiber (SF) content on the HCS ultimate bending capacity (Mu). Fifteen specimens were tested under static loads until failure, and the results were compared with those of the solid slab. Two different void contents 19% and 24% were studied. The other parameters were the shredded PET content (0.5% and 0.7%) and the SF content (0.19% and 0.32%). The Mu values of the HCS specimens were 12% to 16% less than that of the solid slab. However, the strengths were still within the theoretical capacity of the slab. The addition of the shredded PET could improve the HCS bending capacity by 18% to 38% compared with that of the solid slab. Similar results were also found for the specimens with SFs, whose Mu values were 11% to 46% greater than that of the solid slab. AbstrakKajian Eksperimen Lempengan Inti Berongga yang Berisi Botol-botol PET Limbah. Kajian ini menginvestigasi pemanfaatan beton limbah plastik sebagai suatu upaya untuk mengurangi masalah limbah perkotaan. Botol-botol plastik limbah dimanfaatkan untuk membentuk rongga-rongga dari lempengan inti berongga (the hollow-core slabs (HCS)). Botol-botol tersebut dibuat dari polietilena tereftalat (PET). Sebagai suatu bagian dari riset awal (green research) untuk menggunakan ulang bahan limbah, PET yang sudah dicacah juga ditambahkan ke campuran beton untuk meningkatkan kekuatan HCS. HCS yang dicor di tempat dapat dikonstruksi tanpa ada kesulitas apapun. Tiga parameter diinvestigasi: efek-efek dari konten kosong, konten PET cacahan, dan konten serat baja (steel-fiber (SF)) pada kapasitas pembengkokan akhir HCS (Mu). Lima belas spesimen diuji dengan beban statis sampai kegagalan, dan hasil-hasilnya dibandingkan dengan hasil uji lempengan padat. Dua konten kosong yang berbeda 19% dan 24% dikaji. Parameter-parameter lainnya adalah konten PET cacahan (0,5% dan 0,7%) serta konten SF (0,19% dan 0,32%). Nilai-nilai Mu spesimen-spesimen HCS adalah 12% sampai 16% lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan nilai-nilai MU lempengan padat. Namun demikian, kekuatannya masih berada di dalam kapasitas teoritis lempengan. Penambahan PET cacahan dapat meningkatkan kapasitas pembengkokan HCS sebesar 18% sampai 38% dibandingkan dengan kapasitas pembengkokan lempengan padat. Hasilhasil serupa juga diperoleh untuk spesimen-spesimen dengan SFs, dengan nilai-nilai Mu sebesar 11% sampai 46% lebih besar dibandingkan dengan nilai-nilai MU lempengan padat.
The amount of spiral reinforcement in the spun pile manufactured in Indonesia is below the minimum requirement. Additional shear reinforcement is needed, particularly on a pile at the adjacent pile cap. To cope with the deficiency, steel jacket is initiated to strengthen the pile. A numerical study was performed to study the effect of steel jacket addition to spun pile behavior. Two different software, SAP and Abaqus were employed. Pushover analysis was performed with a monotonic loading approach. The parameters studied were the steel jacket’s thickness and the existence of adhesive between the steel and the concrete surface. Brittle behavior was detected with the presence of steel jacket which was indicated by the force displacement curve. The steel improves the strength of the spun pile connection but decreases the ductility. It seems that pile is in over reinforced condition. To get a thorough understanding, a 3D model with Abaqus software was performed. Steel jacket is applied on the spun pile without rebar inside concrete fill and thinner steel was selected to prevent over reinforce. Hence, different results were found where spun pile connections behave in a ductile manner. Steel jacket improves not only the strength of spun pile connection but also the ductility.
Measuring degree of damage of structure under an earthquake has been researched by numerous researchers since it is difficult to ensure whether the designed building structure could withstand. In earlier research, structural damage detection method used natural frequency to indicate damage. However, this method is not spatially specific, nor are they sensitive to damage. Thus, damage index is introduced as a tool to measure the damage in specific scale of zero to one. Among different types of damage index, Park-Ang damage index is used. Model of building structure that will be analysed is steel building with Eccentrically braced frame system. EBF system has extraordinary characteristics which has high ductility of dissipating energy and also sufficient stiffness to prevent from buckling. 2D model of EBF building with variation of number of story (one, three and five story) is identified regarding to behaviour, damage index and natural frequency. The behaviour of EBF building is identified by observing the monotonic and semi-cyclic pushover analysis. Damage index of EBF building structure is identified using OpenSees program. Furthermore, natural frequency that also measure degree of damage is identified using SAP2000. By determining damage index and natural frequency, the correlation between two can be observed.
Study of compressive strength of oil palm shell (OPS) concrete has been conducted by varying the content of admixture of silica fume and fly ash to increase concrete strength. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) was used as a tool to capture the physical change of concrete cube during the test which can be converted to load-displacement response by using open source sotware, Ncorr. It is evident that DIC can be carried out with ordinary camera DSLR which reveal from test result. Poison’s ratio as a ratio between lateral and vertical displacement is succesly obtained. The value are between 0.2096 to 0.2264. Concrete strength improved by 30% to 43% by adding the admixture, silica fume and fly ash.
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