Plants have been an important source of medicines since the beginning of cultivation. There is a growing demand for plant-based medicines, health products, pharmaceuticals, food supplements, cosmetics etc. Bombax ceiba Linn. (Bombacaceae) is a tall tree buttressed at the base that is widely distributed throughout India, Ceylon and Malaya, upto 1500 m of altitude. Many parts of the plant (root, stem bark, gum, leaf, prickles, flower, fruit, seed and heartwood) are used by various tribal communities and forest dwellers for the treatment of a variety of ailments. The plant literature survey shows the plant possesses astringent, cooling, stimulant, diuretic, aphrodisiac, demulcent and tonic effects and also helps in dysentery. It also possesses important pharmacological activity such as aphrodisiac, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activity in addition to anticancer and anti-HIV activity, anti-Helicobacter pylori, antiangiogenic, analgesic and antioxidant activity and hypotensive, hypoglycemic and antimicrobial activity. It is reported to contain important phytoconstituents such as naphthol, naphthoquinones, polysaccharides, anthocyanins, shamimin and lupeol.

Fructooligosaccharides (composed of short fructose chains) are useful for a variety of purposes. They are a type of carbohydrate known as oligosaccharides. Nowadays, people around the world are much more health-conscious and expect the food they consume to be tasty, safe as well as healthy. Fructooligosaccharides have become a prominent player in the functional food industry because of the growing demand for healthy and quality food. Due to its functional properties and health benefits, it is incorporated in various products like Dairy products, Bakery products, Beverages and Juices, Jams and Jellies, Candies, Chocolates, Breakfast cereals, Meat products, Ice cream, Confectionery. This article aims to review the numerous plant sources of Fructooligosaccharides available in nature, its structure, production, mode of action, attention-grabbing properties as well as their application as food ingredients, with special attention is being paid to the health benefits of these compounds.

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The initial pass metabolism or pre-circulatory system is a metabolic process in which the concentration of the drug is significantly reduced or shortened in the liver before it reaches the circulatory system. A fraction of the drug lost in the entire absorption process is often associated with the liver and skin wall. Oral delivery, the simplest form of drug management has its limitations, most of which are the low availability of drugs due to the first internal organ passing through metabolism. Drugs with low bioavailability need to be administered at a better dose as a small fraction of the controlled dose is injected into the bloodstream and reaches the target. Therefore, the worst dose of the drug is destroyed and the unauthorized drug ends up having unwanted side effects within the canal. Various forms of oral contraceptives are used. The current review focuses on the importance of passing the first hepatic pass, the biological findings, the reasons for the negative findings and the various methods used to skip the initial hepatic pass metabolism.

Resveratrol can be recognized as a best nutraceutical. Resveratrol is a novel nutraceutical in which not many details are known therefore an attempt was made to review the details which may be used for the further research. Resveratrol is known to be a polyphenol named as stilbenoid group which is a phytoalexin secreted by more than 70 plant species which is having many pharmacological activities like anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-ageing, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, anti-microbial and etc. This natural table top food has a lower bioavailability with lower aqueous solubility. From this review we can conclude that resveratrol is a unique complex having various properties with lots of other benefits.

Background Nanotechnology's rapid development has been in great demand, particularly for silver nanoparticles, which are useful in a variety of industries including medicine, textiles, and home appliances. Silver nanoparticles are extremely essential due to their unique physicochemical and antibacterial properties, which can be used in a variety of applications. Green synthesis is an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional synthesis because it uses fewer chemical reagents and lowers temperature and pressure. Aloe vera and Thuja orientalis have a wide medical use because it contains a large number of compounds derived and was decided to use for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Main text The combination of silver nanoparticles has a wide range of applications, which has encouraged researchers to focus on the methods for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Aloe vera and Thuja orientalis leaves extract, characterization techniques of synthesized silver nanoparticles, and evaluation of their antimicrobial and antifungal activities. The synthesized AgNPs can be characterized by using various analytical techniques including UV–visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), etc. The various types of silver nanoparticles, various strategies for silver nanoparticle synthesis, nano-based drug delivery systems, taxonomy and chemical constituents of Aloe vera and Thuja orientalis plants, the general mechanism of action of silver nanoparticles in bacteria, and various applications of silver nanoparticles have also been discussed. Conclusion This review covers a wide range of research on silver nanoparticles to gain a better understanding of their physicochemical feature characterization, production, mechanisms of action, and applications. Various AgNP factors, such as size, surfactant, and structural shape, influence the unique physicochemical properties of these nanoparticles. Even though there are a variety of ways to make AgNPs, green synthesis has a high yield and biocompatibility because it uses natural agents and harmless chemicals. In this paper, we describe the green manufacture of silver nanoparticles utilizing Aloe vera and Thuja orientalis leaf extracts, as well as the method to test their antimicrobial and antifungal activity.

The aims of review are the latest research development of the lipid based carriers according to the recent relevant literatures. Each preparation of the lipid based microparticles (SLMs) has advantages and disadvantages. The SLMs is an excellent drug delivery system and has broad prospects in the pharmaceutical field. This review discusses the advantages, therapeutic application of SLMs, various techniques of preparation, and different routes of administration, material use and characterization of solid lipid microparticles.

Natural materials used to close wounds include flax, hair, grass, cotton, silk, pig bristles, and animal gut. Agaves were the source of many essential items due to its high tensile strength. Agave fibers were investigated for it's potential use to close the topical incisions in rat. Sutures were developed i.e. Agave suture from the isolated fibers of Agave americana L. var. americana (Agavaceae) plant and were coated with the ethanolic extract of Aloe vera. These were evaluated for Physical properties which proved good tensile strength, handling properties, low tissue drag, acceptable knot security, low microbial infiltration, toxicity and faster incision wound healing in rats compared to commonly utilized surgical sutures from market. Wound healing was evaluated by observing pus formation, inflammation, incision wound closure period, tensile strength measurement and histo-pathological evaluation of healed wound tissue. All the mentioned tensile strength tests were performed by a tensile strength testing apparatus, especially designed and constructed for our purpose. According to findings Agave suture shown acceptable results and hence for can be considered for further research and utilization.