Diabetes is a global health problem, with a challenging epidemiology. It is one of the major health problems affecting countries around the world, particularly the UK (World Health Organization [WHO], 2006; Department of Health [DH], 2006b). It is also a growing public health threat in the US (Mokdad et al, 2001). As a result, diabetes has become an important public health issue, prompting the WHO and International Diabetes Federation (IDF) to adopt the theme 'Diabetes for Everyone' for World Diabetes Day 2006. In 2007, on World Diabetes Day, the United Nations also launched its 'Living with Diabetes at School' campaign, in response to the growing diabetes 'epidemics' (Diabetes UK, 2007). This article provides an overview of diabetes mellitus and its acute- and long-term management, including definition, aetiology, pathophysiology, classification, signs, symptoms and complications. The role of the nurse in providing patient-centred care for people with diabetes is emphasized.

No abstract

Epilepsy is a global health problem affecting approximately 50 million people worldwide. It is one of the most common chronic neurological diseases in the world with serious physical, economic and discriminatory consequences in some parts of the world. However, the healthcare burden and financial cost of treating epilepsy can be reduced with appropriate and prompt interventions. Although epilepsy and its treatment are complex, current evidence suggest insufficient knowledge of seizure classification and a gap in epilepsy diagnosis and care. This article provides an overview of the condition, incidence, aetiology, pathophysiology, current classification,

Introduction: Diabetes is a global medical condition associated with a huge human and financial cost. However, early detection and appropriate pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions, such as structured patient education, are useful measures to reduce its impact. Although the benefits of educational intervention are well recognised as a key component of empowerment, motivating attendance in diabetes education centres remains problematic, and this has a negative impact on healthcare finances. Objective: This survey study sought to identify the socio-demographic determinants of attendance at diabetes education centres. Methods: A questionnaire survey of 207 patients from four diabetes education centres was conducted. Results: In predicting attendance from demographic variables, the regression analysis showed that the participants that were living alone are less likely to attend, while participants who have a flexible working environment are more likely to attend the sessions.

Introduction Multimorbidity is a rising health issue globally and it is likely to become challenging in developing countries like Nigeria as they experience economic, demographic, and epidemiological transition. Yet, evidence of prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity, and their determinants, are scarce. This study aims to systematically review studies of the prevalence, patterns, and determinants of multimorbidity in Nigeria. Methods Studies were identified by searching 5 electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Africa Index Medicus/Global Index Medicus). Multimorbidity as well as other versions of it was used to search. The prevalence and determinants were also searched. According to preestablished inclusion criteria, and using different search strategies, 6 articles were included. The quality and risk of bias were assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute appraisal tool for prevalence studies. Two researchers assessed the eligibility of studies for inclusion. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO Ref no. CRD42021273222. The overall prevalence, pattern, and determinants were analyzed. Results We identified 6 eligible publications describing studies that included a total of 3332 (men 47.5%, women 52.5%) patients from 4 states plus the federal capital territory Abuja. The multimorbidity prevalence ranges from 27% to 74% among elderly Nigerians. Cardiovascular together with metabolic and/or musculoskeletal conditions were the frequent patterns of multimorbidity. A positive association was observed between age and multimorbidity in most studies. Other factors associated with multimorbidity were female gender, low education status, poor monthly income/unemployment, hospitalization, medical visits, and emergency services. Conclusion There has been a growing need for more applied health services research to understand better and manage multimorbidity in developed countries. The scarcity of studies in our review reveals that multimorbidity is not a priority area of research in Nigeria, and this will continue to hinder policy development in that area.