Perairan Karangsong mendapat pengaruh sangat besar dari aktivitas manusia yang berada di sepanjang maupun di hulu kawasan perairan tersebut. Aktivitas yang ada meliputi aktivitas rumah tangga, industri, tambak, lalu lintas kapal dan vegetasi mangrove. Padatnya aktivitas manusia tersebut dapat menyebabkan menurunnya kualitas perairan dan berpengaruh terhadap konsentrasi zat hara di perairan Karangsong. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui konsentrasi dan pola sebaran nitrat dan fosfat di perairan Karangsong, Kabupaten Indramayu. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus 2015, dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan untuk penentuan lokasi pengambilan sampel air menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Data yang dikaji adalah konsentrasi nitrat dan fosfat, suhu, oksigen terlarut, salinitas, kecerahan, pH dan arus permukaan. Untuk menggambarkan pola sebaran nitrat dan fosfat serta pola arus menggunakan softwareArcGIS 10.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi nitrat berkisar 0,4148–2,4541 mgL-1 dan konsentrasi fosfat berkisar 0,0253 – 0,6261 mgL-1. Pola sebaran konsentrasi nitrat dan fosfat mengikuti pola arah arus yang terjadi yaitu ke arah Timur Laut. Kata kunci: Sebaran, Nitrat, Fosfat, Perairan Karangsong

Abstract. The Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry is known as one of the prominent sectors contributing to economic stability in Indonesia. On the other hand, this sector is also responsible for significant environmental impact in the country. Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a key innovative technology enabling advanced management within the construction and civil engineering industries and facilitating improvements in sustainability and asset management across the globe. BIM enables the achievement of three sustainable dimensions which are known as Triple Bottom Line (TBL). However, to enable the construction industry in Indonesia to expand and adopt this new engineering technology, the scarcity of the experts in BIM remains a barrier to initiate the migration from traditional management to BIM. From 40 respondents who participated in this study, only 2 respondents had competence in BIM. However, the awareness rate of Indonesian engineers about BIM is actually quite good with 67.5% of respondents having recognised BIM, although mostly with limited or basic knowledge. This research also defines BIM's impact to sustainability aspects in construction.

Every organism including bacteria have the ability to adapt to environmental conditions that do not conform to the comfort zone. This study aims to see the response of E. coli to acidic conditions as a form of adaptation. In this study there were five treatments, E. coli grown on Nutrient Broth media as controls (P0), E. coli grown on Nutrient Broth media with acidic conditions (pH 4) (P1), E. coli grown on Nutrient media broth with acidic conditions (pH 4) and glucose by 10 % (P2), then given 30% glucose (P3) and 50 % (P4). At each treatment was repeated 3 times. Total population was calculated by the method of turbidimetry using a spectrophotometer with turbidity value (OD). The results show that the media with a low pH (pH 4) can inhibit the growth of E. coli, while the addition of glucose able to sustain the growth of E. coli bacteria. The addition of glucose to 50 % proved to increase the population up to 29 hours, whereas the addition of glucose 10 and 30 % had a decline in population of E. coli bacteria in 29 hours.Key words : E.coli, adaptation, acid, bacteria population ABSTRAK Setiap makhluk hidup termasuk bakteri memiliki kemampuan untuk beradaptasi pada kondisi lingkungan yang tidak sesuai dengan zona nyamannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat respon bakteri E.coli terhadap kondisi asam atau pH rendah sebagai bentuk adaptasinya. Pada penelitian ini terdapat 5 perlakuan yaitu E.coli yang ditumbuhkan pada media Nutrien Broth sebagai kontrol (P0), E.coli yang ditumbuhkan pada media Nutrien Broth dengan kondisi asam (pH 4) (P1), E.coli yang ditumbuhkan pada media Nutrien Broth dengan kondisi asam (pH 4) dan diberi glukosa 10 % (P2), selanjutnya diberi glukosa 30 % (P3) dan 50 % (P4). Pada setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Jumlah populasi dihitung dengan Metode Turbidimetri menggunakan spektrofotometer melalui nilai kekeruhan (OD). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa media dengan pH rendah (pH 4) dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri E.coli, sedangkan penambahan glukosa mampu mempertahankan pertumbuhan bakteri E.coli. Penambahan glukosa sampai 50 % terbukti mampu meningkatkan populasi sampai jam ke 29, sedangkan pada pemberian glukosa 10 dan 30 % sudah terjadi penurunan populasi bakteri E.coli pada jam ke 29.

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Population growth will affect landuse changes drastically, particularly in watersheds (DAS) and coastal zone. Something similar happened to the Tallo watershed estuaries, Makassar Urban. This study aimed to (1) analyze the sustainable management of Tallo watershed estuaries, (2) driven factors analysis on sustainability of Tallo watershed estuaries, and (3) the alternative of policy development on sustainable management of Tallo watershed estuaries. MDS analysis with Rapest results showed the status of Tallo watershed estuaries were less sustainable (49.20%), consist of; ecological dimension (46.51%), economic dimension (42.22%), social dimension (43.90%), technology dimension (45.99%), and institutional dimension (46.83%). The driven factors on sustainability management of Tallo watershed estuaries, consists of five (5) attributes i.e; institutional facilities property right population density , , , resource technology and aquaculture technology. The policy development direction on sustainable management of Tallo watershed estuaries, consist of; alternative I is strengthening institutional management, and the second alternative was using resources in the sustainable ways.

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East Kalimantan has coal deposits of 37.5 billion tons and its coal business is very complex with numerous conflicts happened in the field. The objectives of the study were as follows: (i) to review the progress of coal mining business, (ii) to analyse the legal license of coal mining, (iii) to identify overlapping policies on coal mining, and (iv) to formulate policies on conflict resolution of coal mining in the forest areas. The results of study showed that annual coal production and export achieved 192.97 million tons and 145.82 million tons, respectively. At present, the number of coal mining business in the forest achieved 159 units which cover forest areas of 362,061 ha. However, the number of unprocedural coal companies reached 223 units with an area of 774,519 ha, or twice the legal business unit. Conflict cases of coal mining in the forest areas are mainly due to poor governance licensing, that trigger the conflict between mining companies and forest companies in the field due to overlapping operational area. Five recommended actions should be considered in order to resolve conflicts of coal mining in the forest areas, namely, implementation of monitoring, controlling and law enforcement, regulation harmonization, implementation of good mining governance, implementation of good communication and coordination, and implementation of one map policy.Keyword: Mining business in the forest, non procedural license, coal production and export, and conflict resolution ABSTRAK Kalimantan Timur memiliki cadangan batu bara sebanyak 37,5 miliar ton dan usaha batu baranya cukup kompleks dengan sejumlah kasus konflik di lapangan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk: (i) mengkaji perkembangan usaha tambang batu bara, (ii) menganalisis perijinan tambang batu bara, (iii) mengidentifikasi persoalan konflik kebijakan usaha tambang, dan (iv) menyusun kebijakan resolusi konflik tambang di kawasan hutan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi dan eksporbatu bara setiap tahun mencapai 192,97 juta ton dan 145,82 juta ton secara berurutan. Saat ini usaha tambang di kawasan hutan mencapai 159 unit dengan luasan sebesar 362.061 ha, tetapi jumlah unit usaha tambang batu bara yang tidak prosedural mencapai 223 unit dengan luasan 774.519 ha atau dua kali lipat dari unit usaha yang legal. Kasus-kasus konflik tambang batu bara di kawasan hutan terutama disebabkan oleh tata kelola perijinan yang buruk sehingga memunculkan konflik antara perusahaan tambang dan perusahaan kehutanan di lapangan akibat tumpang tindih wilayah operasionalnya. Ada lima aksi yang harus diambil dalam penyusunan kebijakan sebagai upaya penyelesian konflik-konflik tambang di kawasan hutan, yaitu pengawasan dan pengendalian serta penegakan hukum, perwujudan harmonisasi regulasi, penerapan tata kelola perijinan yang baik, pelaksanaan komunikasi dan koordinasi, dan kebijakan penggunaan satu peta. Kata kunci: Usaha batu bara di kawasan hutan, izin tambang non prosedural, produksi dan ekspor batu bara, resolusi konflik Kemen LH Kemen ESDM Kemenhut Sumber (Source): ...

Black rice flour during storage has the disadvantage of reducing the antioxidant content and antioxidants present in black rice flour due to improper packaging for storage so that the pH increases, the color will disappear so that the anthocyanin content will also decrease during storage. This study aims to determine the influence of packaging type and storage time to levels of anthocyanins, antioxidant activity, moisture content, and color of black rice flour. This research uses a factorial completely randomized design consisting of 2 factors: first factor type of packaging (PP and Alufo) with each thickness of 0.5 mm and second factor storage duration (0 days, 14 days, 28 days, 42 days, and 56 days) in room temperature. The results of statistical test showed that the type of packaging and storage duration influenced the anthocyanin content, antioxidant activity, moisture content, and color. Antosianin content of black rice flour at the end of shelf life on PP packaging of 5.39 ppm sample and Alufo 14.14 ppm sample. Antioxidant activity at end of shelf life in packing of PP equal to 18,6% and Alufo 24,48%. Water content at end of shelf life on packing PP 2,34% and Alufo 2,65%. The color is at the end of shelf life on the packaging of PP 8,351 and Alufo 7,568.