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Recent research has reported on the energy and mass transition caused by Casson hybrid nanofluid flow across an extended stretching sheet. Thermal and velocity slip conditions, heat absorption, viscous dissipation, thermal radiation, the Darcy effect, and thermophoresis diffusion have all been considered in the study of fluid flow. Fluid flow is subjected to an angled magnetic field to control the flow stream. Cu and Al 2 O 3 NPs are dispensed into the Casson fluid to create a hybrid nanofluid (blood). The suggested model of flow dynamics is an evolving nonlinear system of PDEs, which is then reduced to a system of dimensionless ODEs using similarity proxies. The resulting set of ODEs is solved using the analytical program "HAM" for further processing. However, it has been found that the effects of the suction parameter and Darcy Forchhemier considerably reduced the energy transference rate of hybrid nanoliquids. It has been discovered that the effects of thermal radiation and heat absorption increase the energy transfer rate. Furthermore, the velocity and energy transmission rate are noticeably amplified by the dispersion of copper and cobalt ferrite nanoparticles in the base fluid.

A modern development in the field of fluid dynamics emphasizes on nanofluids which maintain remarkable thermal conductivity properties and intensify the transport features of heat in fluids. The present communication provides an innovative idea of MHD (magneto-hydrodynamics) unsteady, incompressible nanoliquid flow due to the stretching rotating disk with the effect of Joule heating and dissipation. The engine oil is used as a carrier fluid for an immersed rotating disk. A special type of nanoliquid, which consists of cylindrical shape nano materials CNTs (Carbon Nanotubes), is being taken into an account. The CNTs are assembled of both single and multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Some other factors such as the effect of joule heating and viscus dispassion are also used in this investigation. The foremost set of PDEs (Partial Differential Equations) of our model is reformed to the dimensionless form via invoking suitable variables. The resultant set of equations is sketched out through RK-4 method. Furthermore, the velocity profile and energy distribution versus dimensionless flow factors have been sketched and discussed. Also, the outcomes of important engineering curiosity like Nusselt number and skin friction are depicted and interpreted by taking various model factors. Radial and transverse velocity fields, declines via [Formula: see text] (magnetic factor), while the temperature field enhances. Furthermore, the larger estimation of [Formula: see text] leads to enhance the velocity field while higher estimation of [Formula: see text] reducing the velocity and temperature fields. The current work has an extensive verity use such as nano-mechanics and electro-magnetic micro pumps.

The investigations about thin-film flow play a vital role in the field of optoelectronics and magnetic devices. Thin films are reasonably hard and thermally stable but are more fragile. The thermal stability of thin film can be further improved by incorporating the effects of nanoparticles. In the current work, a stretchable surface is considered upon which hybrid nanofluid thin-film flow is taken into account. The idea of augmenting heat transmission is focused in current work by making use of hybrid nanofluid. The flow is affected by variations in the viscous forces along with viscous dissipation effects and Marangoni convection. A time-constrained magnetic field is applied in the normal direction to the flow system. The equations governing the flow system are shifted to a non-dimensional form by applying similarity variables. The homotopy analysis method (HAM) has been employed to find the solution of resultant equations. It has been noticed in this study that, the flow characteristics decline with augmentation in magnetic, viscosity, and unsteadiness parameters while grow up with enhancing values of thin-film parameter. Thermal characteristics are supported by the growing values of the Eckert number and unsteadiness parameter while opposed by the viscosity parameter and Prandtl number. The numerical impact of different emerging parameters upon skin friction and Nusselt number has been calculated in tabular form. A comparison of current work with established result has carried out with a good agreement in both results.

The characteristics of water-based hybrid nanofluid flow when passing over an exponentially stretchable sheet with velocity and thermal slip factors are presented. This article provides a concept for a hybridized fluid comprising copper and cobalt iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) dispersed into a base fluid (water). In addition, physical observations of the heat absorption behavior, the Darcy effect, the thermal radiation, and viscous dissipation are also taken into account. Because of their strong thermophysical properties, copper and cobalt iron oxide NPs are used in a wide range of applications in the engineering and medical fields. To study the dynamics of these NPs, a system of partial differential equations (PDEs) has been generated that forms a highly nonlinear coupled model. The PDE system is converted into nondimensional ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with the aid of similarity replacements. The semi-analytical homotopy analysis method (HAM) is applied to the set of dimensionless ODEs obtained to find the solution. Two engineering parameters, the Nusselt number and the skin friction, are plotted versus various parameters of the hybridized fluid using bar charts. It was observed that the no-slip condition, the suction parameter, and the Darcy–Forchheimer medium enhanced the thermal profile of the hybridized fluid.

The present article examines the consequences of a magnetic field, Hall current, and thermal radiation on the spinning flow of hybrid nanofluid (HNF) across a revolving disc. The core objective of the study is to improve the energy transference rate through hybrid nano liquid for industrial and engineering operations. The HNFs have advanced thermophysical characteristics. Therefore, in the current study, a superior class of nanomaterials (carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and Al2O3) are added to the base fluid. The modeled equations are demoted to a dimensionless set of ODEs through similarity conversion and are analytically solved by engaging the homotopy analysis method (HAM). The physical constraints' effect on energy, velocity, motile microorganism, and mass profiles have been drawn and discussed. For accuracy, the results are compared to the published studies, which ensures the accuracy and reliability of the technique and results. It is observed that the energy communication rate lessens with the flourishing values of thermal radiation and for Hall current. Furthermore, it is noted that due to its Carbon-Carbon bonding in CNTs, it has a greater tendency for energy propagation than Al2O3 nanoparticles.

The flow characteristics of a water based hybrid nanofluid comprised of copper Cu and cobalt ferrite CoFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) with thermal and velocity slip conditions past over an exponentially stretchable sheet are reported in this proposed study. Physical perception of the Darcy effect, heat absorption, viscous dissipation, and thermal radiation on the flow field of hybrid nanofluid was examined by dispersing the NPs of copper and cobalt ferrite into the water as a base fluid. Because of their wide variety of applications, cobalt iron oxide and copper nanoparticles are drawing a lot of attention in scientific and technological research. For this purpose, the dynamics have been characterized as a system of PDEs. Which are reduced to the system of ODEs through similarity replacements. The analytical algorithmic "HAM' is used to further process the resultant set of dimensionless differential equations. It has been observed that the velocity and energy profiles improved by enhancing the injection factor, while the suction parameter and Darcy-Forchhemier effect have the opposite effect on both profiles.

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