Transaksi elektronik adalah suatu transaksi perdagangan atau perniagaan baik berupa penyebaran, pembelian, penjualan, pemasaran barang dan jasa dengan menggunakan media elektronik yang terhubung melalui internet. Dengan adanya transaksi elektronik sangat menguntungkan bagi pihak konsumen dalam memilih berbagai jenis barang namun pelanggaran hak-hak konsumen sangat memungkinkan terjadi mengingat transaksi elektronik mempunyai karakteristik yang berbeda dengan transaksi konvensional. Untuk itu diperlukannya perlingan hukum terhapa konsumen dalam jual beli barang yang mengandung unsure penyalahgunaan keadaan yang dihubungkan dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen (UUPK). Penyalahgunaan keadaan yang sering dilakukan oleh pihak pelaku usaha adalah melanggar Pasal 4 UUPK tentang hak-hak konsumen. Penyalahgunaan keadaan juga dapat dilakukan oleh pihak pelaku usaha dengan mencantumkan klausula baku tidak sesuai dengan Pasal 18 UUPK tentang larangan pencantuman klausula baku. Akibat dari penyalahgunaan keadaan dari pihak pelaku usaha mengakibatkan pihak konsumen mengalami kerugian dan mengakibatkan terjadinya wanprestasi. Selain UUPK dalam transaksi elektronik mengenai perlindungan terhadap konsumen juga diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik (UUITE). UUITE menjelaskan tentang tanggung jawab pelaku usaha terhadap konsumen yang terdapat dalam Pasal 9 UUITE yang menyatakan bahwa,” Pelaku usaha yang menawarkan produk melalui sistem elektronik harus menyediakan informasi yang lengkap dan benar berkaitan dengan syarat kontrak, produsen, dan produk yang ditawarkan”. Pasal ini menjelaskan tanggung jawab pelaku usaha dalam memberikan informasi yang sebenarnya mengenai toko online miliknya dan informasi terkait pencantuman klausula baku untuk menghindari terjadinya wanprestasi antara pihak konsumen dan pelaku usaha. Dalam kondisi seperti ini sepatutnya negara hadir terutama dalam wujud hukum yang mengatur dan memberi perlindungan kepada konsumen, seperti yang dijelaskan dalam Pasal 1 angka 1 UUPK menyebutkan bahwa Perlindungan Konsumen adalah segala upaya yang menjamin adanya kepastian hukum untuk memberi perlindungan kepada konsumen.Electronic transaction is a trading or commercial transaction in the form of distributing, purchasing, selling, marketing of goods and services by using electronic media connected via internet. With the electronic transaction is very beneficial for the consumer in choosing various types of goods but violations of consumer rights is possible because electronic transactions have characteristics different from conventional transactions. Therefore, the need for legal relief on consumers in buying and selling of goods containing elements of misuse of the circumstances associated with the Act Number 8, 1999 concerning Customer Protection (UUPK). Abuse of the state that is often done by the business actor is violating Article 4 UUPK concerning consumer rights. Abuse of the situation can also be done by the business actor by stating the standard clause does not comply with Article 18 UUPK about the ban on the inclusion of the standard clause. As a result of misuse of the circumstances of the business actors resulted in the consumer losses and resulted in a default. In addition to UUPK in electronic transactions concerning consumer protection is also regulated in the Information and Electronic Transaction Act (UUITE). UUITE explains the business actors' responsibility to consumers contained in Article 9 UUITE states that, "Business actors offering products through electronic systems must provide complete and correct information relating to the terms of contracts, producers and offered products". This Article describes the responsibility of business actors in providing actual information about their online store and information related to the inclusion of standard clauses to avoid the occurrence of wanprestasi between the consumer and business actor. Under these circumstances, the state should be present primarily in the form of laws that regulate and provide protection to consumers, as described in Article 1 point 1 UUPK mention that Consumer Protection is any effort that ensures legal certainty to provide protection to consumers.
This study aims to determine the effect of the use of learning media based on presentation media on learning interest and mathematics learning outcomes of students of class X MIA SMAN 1 Soppeng. The design of this study is nonequivalent control group design of a quasiexperimental. The statistical technique used is descriptive statistics and hypothesis is tested by using independent sample test and Mann Whitney sample test. Hypothesis test of learning interest uses Mann Whitney sample test, It shows that there is a difference in the average value of the increase of the mathematics learning scores which is significant between the control class and the experimental class. Testing the hypothesis of learning outcomes using the Independent sample test shows that there is a difference in the increase of students' mathematics learning outcomes that is significant between the control class and the experimental class. Therefore, the use of learning media based on presentation media has an effect on learning outcomes and interest in learning mathematics in class X MIA SMAN 1 Soppeng.
KEYWORDS: Guru, media, teknologi, individual differencesADA dua paradigma yang berkembang dalam proses belajar mengajar atau lebih dikenal dengan istilah proses transformasi pengetahuan antara guru dan siswa, meskipun salah satunya adalah old fashion, yaitu teacher center dan student center. 1 Pada era 70-an dan sebelumnya, Kevin Barry dan Len King menulis seputar eksistensi pandangan teacher center yang sudah menjadi great paradigm dan berkembang di alam bawah sadar para guru dan siswa. Pandangan ini menjelaskan bahwa semua informasi, main resources-nya berasal dari guru. Guru dianggap sebagai master of knowing-tuan segala tahu. Dialah yang menjadi nakoda dari lalu lintas semua informasi. Ada kesan, siswa tidak mampu memberikan ide-ide cemerlang atau argumen baru yang mendahului master of knowing.
The Development of Indonesian Language Teaching Materials Based on Know-ledge Integration in Islamic Higher Education. This study aims at describing: (1) the reality and the needs for materials oriented towards knowledge integration, (2) the prototype and evaluation of the developed teaching materials. This is a Research and Development undertaken in UIN Alauddin Makassar involving 138 students, five lecturers, and two expert validators. The results show the currently used materials is not based on knowledge integration. Integration have been undertaken in the developed materials by including related verses or hadith, raising Islamic themes as reading materials and examples. The developed materials were evaluated by expert validators both content and design with the average score of 3.91 and 3.93 respectively and categorized as very good. The gain index for small and large groups is 0.71 and 0.72 respectively and categorized as high.
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