A magnetic spectrometer positioned on the axis of a 3 kJ plasma focus device has been used to measure energy spectra of deuterons emitted from the pinch region of the focus, while an indium activation detector was employed to measure the associated neutron flux. Solid-state nuclear track detectors (PM-355) were used in the focal plane of the spectrometer to detect the analysed ions, with multiple spectra being recorded on each detector. An automated track counting system has been developed to read the spectral information from the detectors, which has facilitated the analysis of a far greater number of energy spectra, with greater accuracy, than has been possible in previous work. This automated system comprises an optical microscope with CCD camera, a motorized microscope stage, and image processing and control software. The experimental results show that the deuterons emitted from the pinch region have a continuous spectrum of energies which follow the empirical relationship dN/dE ∝ E −n , where n is typically in the range 6-7. A clear correlation between the measured deuteron energy spectra and neutron flux is observed at each of three working gas pressures investigated.
In a 3 kJ Mather-type plasma focus device operated in neon, the electron beam emission is investigated using both a magnetic electron energy analyser (in the 30-660 keV range) and a Rogowski coil (coupled with an appropriate RC passive integrator). Several electron emission features are identified and correlated with the x-ray emission in different energy ranges. The electron beam output shows very strong correlation with the general plasma dynamics (breakdown, axial and radial acceleration, pinch and post-pinch phases). The electrons' energy spectra showed most of the electron emission concentrating below 200 keV and negligible emission with energy above 350 keV. At 4 mbar neon, the electron emission, as well as the beam energy, is the highest and has a good shot-to-shot reproducibility.
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