Abstract. Nirwan M, Hadi UK, Soviana S, Satrija F, Setiyaningsih S. 2022. Diversity, domination and behavior of mosquitoes in filariasis endemic area of Bogor District, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 2093-2100. A study on the diversity, dominance and behavior of mosquitoes was done in the two filariasis endemic areas in Bogor District, West Java, Indonesia. The objectives of this study were to determine the diversity, dominance and behavior of mosquitoes and their importance as vectors of filariasis in two endemic areas in Bogor District, namely Tamansari Village (rural) and Cimanggis Village (urban). This research was carried out from September 2019 to February 2020. Mosquitoes were collected from 6.00 pm to 6.00 am, twice a month in each village, by using the bare leg collection technique. The collected mosquitoes were identified and analyzed. Filaria detection was carried out by dissecting technique and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The result indicated eight (8) species of mosquitoes in the rural area (Tamansari village), i.e., Culex quinquefasciatus, Aedes aegypti, Cx. vishnui, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, Armigeres kesseli, Ar. subalbatus, Ae. albopictus, Mansonia annulata. On the other hand, there were six (6) species found in the urban area (Cimanggis village), i.e., Cx. quinquefasciatus, Ae. aegypti, Ar. kesseli, Ar. subalbatus, Cx. vishnui, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus and Cx. quinquefasciatus were found to be the most dominant in Tamansari village (90.46) and also in Cimanggis Village (95.67). Based on the analysis showed that the mosquito diversity index was low in both the Tamansari village (H’: 0.444) and the Cimanggis village (H’: 0.238). In general, mosquito-biting behavior prefers to suck blood indoors (anthropophilic) with a peak density in the range of 23.00-04.00. The results of filarial detection using dissecting technique and PCR methods against mosquitoes caught in Tamansari Village and Cimanggis Village did not find any L3 larvae and microfilariae in the examined mosquitoes. Culex quinquefasciatus was found to be very potential as the main vector for the spread of filariasis both in rural and urban areas of endemic filariasis of Bogor District, Indonesia.
Abstract. Filariasis is still a health problem in Bogor Regency. The discovery of filariasis sufferers hasgrowing during the year since 2004 until now with a total of 117 people. The mass prevention drugadministration program (POPM) has been implemented since 2015. This study aims to identify theepidemiological distribution of clinical filariasis sufferers and an overview of the achievement of filariasiselimination program in Bogor district. The research using descriptive design with a quantitative approach.The data in this study used secondary data from Bogor District Health Office and Bogor Central Bureau ofStatistics. Data were analyzed descriptively and identify differences and relationships between variablesused the chi-square test. The results of the study showed the epidemiological distribution of filariasis inBogor Regency with predominantly female patients (59.8%) and productive age (36-45 years). The resultsfrom chi-square test showed that there was a significant difference between the age groups and theincidence of filariasis from year to year with a P value (0.000) <0.05, while the relationship between sex andthe incidence of filariasis from year to year did not show a significant difference with the P value ( 0.07)>0.05. The spread of filariasis tends to fluctuate and continues to increase (75%). The results of therelationship test showed that there was no significant relationship between the number of cases and the levelof family welfare with a P value (0.279)> 0.05. The implementation of POPM, both treatment outcomes andtreatment success rates, has exceeded the national target.Keywords: Epidemiology, Filariasis, POPM, Bogor, Indonesia
Pengetahuan, sikap, praktik berhubungan dengan kejadian filariasis dan merupakan faktor protektif. Kabupaten Bogor merupakan daerah endemis filariasis yang belum memiliki gambaran tentang tingkat pengetahuan, sikap dan praktik masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbandingan tingkat pengetahuan, sikap dan praktik masyarakat terhadap pengendalian filariasis. Penelitian deskriptif analitik ini membandingkan dua kelompok sampel penelitian dengan rancangan cross-sectional. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Cimanggis dan Desa Tamansari pada Juli 2019. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah chi square, uji korelasi Spearman dan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan pengetahuan (p=0,000), sikap (p=0,005) dan praktik (p=0,007) pada wilayah urban dan rural. pengetahuan responden di Desa Tamansari secara umum adalah rendah (52,8%) dan di Desa Cimanggis berpengetahuan sedang (55,3%). Sikap responden di Desa Tamansari dan Desa Cimanggis secara umum memiliki sikap yang positif sedangkan praktik secara umum adalah baik. Uji chi-square memperlihatkan adanya hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan jenis kelamin, umur, dan pendidikan; sikap dengan pendidikan; serta tidak ada hubungan praktik dengan karakteristik responden di Desa Cimanggis. Adapun di Desa Tamansari tidak terdapat karakteristik responden yang memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik. Uji korelasi Spearman antarvariabel didapatkan hanya sikap dan praktik yang memiliki hubungan signifikan di Desa Cimanggis. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik pencegahan filariasis wilayah urban dan rural. Tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik pencegahan Filariasis pada wilayah urban lebih baik dibandingkan wilayah rural.
Soil-Transmitted Helminth (hereafter STH) is considered as the leading cause of global health problems. This study aims to know the intensity and prevalence of STH infections among mining workers by comparing fecal and nail examinations in Morindino Village, Kambowa District, North Buton Regency Southeast Sulawesi Province. Feces were examined by using a native method, whilst the nails were observed by a sediment method. Additionally, descriptive and inferential analysis with independent t-tests were used to analyze the data. A total of 48 respondents were involved in this study. The observations of fecal respondents indicated that 4 (8.3%) of the respondents were infected with Ascaris lumbricoides, 12 (25%) had hookworm eggs, and 32 respondents (66.67%) were not infected. Moreover, the observation of STH worm eggs using nail samples showed that 1 respondent (2%) was infected with Ascaris lumbricoides, 4 (8.3%) respondents were infected by hookworm, and 43 respondents (89.58%) were free. The intensity of the attack was still in the mild category for all types of worm eggs; yet the highest attack was on hookworm for both examinations (2.16 and 2.25 eggs/individual). The research site took place around a sand mining land area with loose sandy soil structures that are protected from sunlight and mixed with humus to support the STH life cycle. Some individuals did open defecation habits at the research site leads to the STH contamination of the soil. Thus, the surveillance programs and infections control should be effectively implemented to manage worms incident.
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