Indonesia is the world's fourth most populous country, trailing only China, India, and the United States, with a population of 276,361,788 people. Efforts to fulfill the demand for rice as a staple food are concerning. The policies established by the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Trade do not match. The Ministry of Agriculture carries out a pro-rice production policy. The Ministry of Trade carries out a pro-rice import policy. This study included both descriptive and quantitative analysis. The type of data used in this research is annual time series secondary data with a research period from 1980 to 2020. The model used in this study was developed using the Two Stage Least Squares (2SLS) approach. The results showed that the Ministry of Agriculture's goal was to boost output, but this might lead to overstock and consequently reduce rice prices, according to the Ministry of Trade. The Ministry of Trade's rice import policy has always been withheld by the Ministry of Agriculture because, according to the Ministry of Agriculture, imports will lower the rice price, reducing farmers' income. This shows that production and trade policies are not wellsuited. Production policies, with an average annual increase of 2%, outperform trade policies, with an average annual increase of 141%.
The aims of this paper are 1) to map the production of upstream and downstream pulp commodities. 2) knowing the potential and impact of downstreaming on regional and national economic growth. 3) formulate a recommendation for the development strategy of the main commodity downstream. The data used is secondary data, namely Riau Province Input-Output data in 2016 with a 52 x 52 matrix. Data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). The analytical method used isAnalysis (IO) ofbackward linkage and forward linkagefrom the rubber plantation sector as a provider of inputs and users of inputs as well as the impact on the economy in Riau Province. The results showed thatProduction from upstream to downstream of pulp commodities can be divided into several industries, including the forestry and logging sector, the textile industry sector, the paper industry sector or paper goods, printing, and recording media reproduction. The sector with the most potential and impact on economic growth from downstreaming of pulp commodities is the paper and paper goods industry, printing, and recording media reproduction. Strategies that can be taken to develop the paper and paper goods industry, printing, and reproduction of recording media are increasing economies of scale in production, determining appropriate market segments, increasing product value (increasing value), and maintaining economic stability.
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