This paper presents a GIS-based investigation of historic landfill sites (closed) located within the coastal zones of Wales, UK. These sites may pose a potential environmental challenge in future due to rising sea levels and coastal erosion. There are 78 historic landfill sites in Wales, most of which are located in coastal zones. These sites were operational between 1920 and 1999 but under the Environmental Protection Act 1990, the Environment Agency UK is not required to monitor these historic landfill sites. There is potential for exposure of the buried household, industrial, commercial or mixed waste types from some of these sites due to coastal erosion of undefended shorelines by wind and waves. Historic landfill sites were ranked on the basis of potential for exposure due to coastal erosion. A GIS-based landfill site ranking was carried out using the estimated coastal erosion for the next 20, 50 and 100 years and the proximity to the coastline. The results showed that 6 out of these 78 sites may be exposed and become a potential source of pollution as a result of coastal erosion at the current erosion rate, provided no artificial defence line is constructed. This study recommends that waste samples be taken from the identified landfill sites for laboratory analysis. On the basis of the buried waste type, future actions can be proposed such as the construction of artificial coastal defence lines.
Road vehicles are a significant source of air pollution in cities, with impacts on human health. Previous work has shown that hedges located between the road carriageway and pavement can help to mitigate the impact of vehicle emissions for pedestrians and residents. For continuous improvement of air quality around the city centre area, roadside hedges can be of value. This study has used UK government statistics to map the traffic emissions along major roads in an urban centre. Using appropriate geoprocessing techniques, suitable locations for planting roadside hedges have been identified along these roads. It is envisaged that planting suitable urban hedges at these locations can help further improve air quality.
Social capital, a powerful community resource based on trust, relationships, norms, culture, values, networks and belonging, could shape the acceptance, cooperation, and involvement of citizens towards new policies or interventions. In past, connections of social capital have been studied in relation to human health, wellbeing, social and economic development. More recently, social capital has been studied with respect to human resilience and adaptation to climate change. We argue that social capital could also play a vital role in our efforts to reduce carbon footprint through behaviour change, a shift on shared local renewable energy resources, and adoption of low carbon technologies. In Wales (UK) there is no national scale dataset, reflecting its social capital landscape, that could be used for designing the right policies/interventions in this context, based on an expected level of trust, cooperation, and support within the communities. This paper is an effort to fill this data gap using secondary datasets. Firstly, a literature review is carried out to identify the indicators of social capital (cognitive and participatory). Secondary datasets have then been identified and acquired. Geospatial analysis has been carried out to produce the criterion maps for various indicators of social capital. Finally, Analytical Hierarchy Process is applied to generate a social capital map of Wales combining these indicators together. For validation of the produced data, social capital’s known correlations were tested with crime rates, income level and multiple deprivations.
The purposes of this study are: (1) To determine the level of students' knowledge about environmental pollution, (2) To determine the level of students' knowledge about ecosystem preservation, (3) To determine the level of students' awareness towards the environment, (4) To find out whether or not there is a positive relationship between students' knowledge about environmental pollution, the preservation of ecosystems and their caring attitude towards the environment. The population in this study was all PGSD students. The sample in this study was 86 students taken by Simple Random Sampling technique. There are 2 instruments used, namely the test instrument measuring the variable knowledge of environmental pollution and ecosystem preservation and the questionnaire instrument measuring the variable of environmental care attitude. The data analysis technique used is Pearson Product Moment correlation analysis. The results of the study show that the knowledge about pollution and and environmental care attitude of PGSD students are in the very high category, then it is obtained that the significance value meets the requirements and r count is positive. It is concluded that there is a positive relationship between students' knowledge of environmental pollution and preservation and students' environmental care
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