In this article, we present the transmission dynamic of the acute and chronic hepatitis B epidemic problem and develop an optimal control strategy to control the spread of hepatitis B in a community. In order to do this, first we present the model formulation and find the basic reproduction number R 0 . We show that if R 0 ≤ 1, then the disease-free equilibrium is both locally as well as globally asymptotically stable. Then, we prove that the model is locally and globally asymptotically stable, if R 0 > 1. To control the spread of this infection, we develop a control strategy by applying three control variables such as isolation of infected and non-infected individuals, treatment and vaccination to minimize the number of acute infected, chronically infected with hepatitis B individuals and maximize the number of susceptible and recovered individuals. Finally, we present numerical simulation to illustrate the feasibility of the control strategy.
ARTICLE HISTORY
In this paper, we consider the giving up smoking model. First, we present the giving up smoking model in fractional order. Then the homotopy analysis method (HAM) is employed to compute an approximate and analytical solution of the model in fractional order. The obtained results are compaired with those obtained by forth order Runge-Kutta method and nonstandard numerical method in the integer case. Finally, we present some numerical results
In this paper, we consider a leptospirosis epidemic model to implement optimal campaign by using multiple control variables. First, we show the existence of the control problem. Then we derive the conditions under which it is optimal to eradicate the leptospirosis infection and examine the impact of a possible educatioal/vaccinaction campaign using Pontryagin's Maximum Principle. We completely characterize the optimal control problem and compute the numerical solution of the optimality system using an iterative method. The results obtained from the numerical simulations of the model show that a possible educational/vaccinaction combined with effective treatment regime would reduce the spread of the leptospirosis infection appreciably.
We propose an epidemic model for the transmission of hepatitis B virus along with the classification of different infection phases and hospitalized class. We formulate the model and discuss its basic mathematical properties, e.g. existence, positivity, and biological feasibility. Exploiting the next generation matrix approach, we find the basic reproductive number of the model. We perform sensitivity analysis to illustrate the effect of various parameters on the transmission of the disease. We investigate stability of the equilibria of the model in terms of the basic reproduction number. Conditions for the stability of the proposed model are obtained using various approaches. Finally, we perform the numerical simulations to discuss sensitivity analysis and to support our analytical work.
The aims and objectives of this manuscript are concerned with the investigation of some appropriate conditions to establish existence theory of solutions to a class of nonlinear four-point boundary value problem (BVP) corresponding to fractional order differential equations (FODEs) provided as where c is Caputo's fractional derivative of order q and ∈ ( × × , ) may be nonlinear. The required conditions are obtained by using classical results of functional analysis and fixed point theory. Further, we establish some adequate conditions for the Ulam-Hyers stability and generalized Ulam-Hyers stability for the solutions to the considered BVP of nonlinear FODEs. We include a proper problem to illustrate our established results.
In this paper, we presents some new exact solutions corresponding to three unsteady flow problems of a generalized Jeffrey fluid produced by a flat plate between two side walls perpendicular to the plate. The fractional calculus approach is used in the governing equations. The exact solutions are established by means of the Fourier sine transform and N-transform. The series solutions of velocity field and associated shear stress in terms of Fox H-function, satisfying all imposed initial and boundary conditions, have been obtained. The similar solutions for ordinary Jeffrey fluid, performing the same motion, appear as limiting case of the solutions are also obtained. Also, the obtained results are analyzed graphically through various pertinent parameters.
In this paper, an optimal control problem of HIV infection model of delay differential equations is taken into account. Then we set a control function which represents the efficiency of reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Objective functional is constructed to minimize the virus concentration as well as treatment costs.Adjoint system is derived using Pontryagins Maximum Principle. Optimality system is calculated and numerical simulation is carried out to illustrate the theoretical results. Finally, conclusion is drawn
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