Physiological pressure measurement is one of the most common applications of sensors in healthcare. Particularly, continuous pressure monitoring provides key information for early diagnosis, patient-specific treatment, and preventive healthcare. This paper presents a thin-film flexible wireless pressure sensor for continuous pressure measurement in a wide range of medical applications but mainly focused on interface pressure monitoring during compression therapy to treat venous insufficiency. The sensor is based on a pressure-dependent capacitor (C) and printed inductive coil (L) that form an inductor-capacitor (LC) resonant circuit. A matched reader coil provides an excellent coupling at the fundamental resonance frequency of the sensor. Considering varying requirements of venous ulceration, two versions of the sensor, with different sizes, were finalized after design parameter optimization and fabricated using a cost-effective and simple etching method. A test setup consisting of a glass pressure chamber and a vacuum pump was developed to test and characterize the response of the sensors. Both sensors were tested for a narrow range (0–100 mmHg) and a wide range (0–300 mmHg) to cover most of the physiological pressure measurement applications. Both sensors showed good linearity with high sensitivity in the lower pressure range <100 mmHg, providing a wireless monitoring platform for compression therapy in venous ulceration.
In this research work, plasma and laser-based treatments have been applied on wheat seeds to improve their growth and development. Plasma treatment modified the surface morphology of seed which enhanced the germination rate and also exhibited great immunity against fungus; only 20% seeds are affected by fungus as compared to the untreated sample. In addition, an increase in protein concentration in plasma treated seeds has also been observed. In the laser treatment, laser pulses have been exercised on wheat seeds, while seeds were also exposed in argon plasma generated at different applied voltages and exposure times. This laser treatment lessens germination time, increases water absorption, and abolishes disease development from seed borne fungi that are present on or within seeds. Thus, it is observed that the use of plasma and laser radiation on the seeds made productive effects on the growth parameters and may be the alternative source for the presowing seed treatment.
Summary
Low‐temperature solution process‐able perovskite solar cells are highly desirable for future photovoltaics. Chemical root was utilized to synthesize and optimize mixed halide‐based MAPbIBr2 light absorber perovskites on electron transport layer of TiO2 nanoparticles in ambient atmosphere. For the first time all synthesis work was performed in an ambient environment and observe material behavioral characteristics. To accurately control the film morphology, one‐step deposition technique was applied to investigate material's optoelectronic behavior. The role of the perovskite structure, physical, and optical properties in planner device architecture was studied through ultraviolet visible, X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope characterization techniques to confirm a band gap of 1.76 eV with cubic crystalline structure having a particle size of 12.5–13.0 nm, which is highly suitable for perovskite solar cells.
Chemically processed methylammonium tin-triiodide (CH3NH3SnI3) films include Sn in different
oxidation
states, leading to poor stability and low power conversion efficiency
of the resulting solar cells (PSCs). The development of absorbers
with Sn [2+] only has been identified as one of the critical steps
to develop all Sn-based devices. Here, we report on coevaporation
of CH3NH3I and SnI2 to obtain absorbers
with Sn being only in the preferred oxidation state [+2] as confirmed
by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The Sn [4+]-free absorbers exhibit
smooth highly crystalline surfaces and photoluminescence measurements
corroborating their excellent optoelectronic properties. The films
show very good stability under heat and light. Photoluminescence quantum
yields up to 4 × 10–3 translate in a quasi
Fermi-level splittings exceeding 850 meV under one sun equivalent
conditions showing high promise in developing lead-free, high efficiency,
and stable PSCs.
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