Epilepsy is one of the main health problems in neurology that can lead to cognitive decline. Generally, the epilepsy-associated cognitive decline is influenced by demographic, clinical, and treatment characteristics. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of cognitive status of epilepsy patients who received monotherapy using first-generation antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), namely phenytoin, carbamazepine, and valproic acid. It involved 93 epilepsy patients of Mutiara Sukma Mental Hospital (n=38) and Mataram General Hospital (n=55). Besides, 93 healthy patients were assigned as healthy control group (HC) subjects (n=93). Demographic characteristics collected from epilepsy and HC groups were age, gender, and years of education. Clinical characteristics taken from both groups were MoCA-Ina score. Clinical characteristics taken from epilepsy group were age at epilepsy onset, type of seizure (partial vs generalized), etiology (idiopathic vs structural), first-generation AED used, years of treatment, and cognitive status. The result of the study revealed that there were no significant different between the two groups in the means of age and years of education as well as the frequency of male gender (p>0.05). The mean of MoCA-Ina score of epilepsy group was significantly lower compared with HC group (p<0.05). The frequency of cognitive decline among epilepsy patients was 75.3%. The cognitive functions of epilepsy patients using monotherapy with carbamazepine, phenytoin, or valproic acid was significantly lower compared with healthy subjects. We conclude that there was high prevalence of epilepsy-associated cognitive impairment which was associated with male gender.
Background: Epilepsy is the highest prevalence diseases in neurology. The decreased of cognitive function is one of the complications which is important. The purpose of this study is to determine the correlation between Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment in Indonesian Version (MoCA-Ina) score on patient with epilepsy in Mataram. Method: This is an observational cross-sectional study with 56 subjects with epilepsy from West Nusa Tenggara 2 center hospital. Data that collected from the samples were MMSE and MoCA-Ina score. Beside of that patients’ characteristics data were also collected which is age, gender, education, seizure control, etiology of epilepsy, seizure type, antiepileptic drugs treatment, and smoking status from the subjects. Both instrument’s mean scores were analyzed for the correlation using Spearman correlation test. Result: This study showing that the subjects average age were 32.9 years old, female (55.4%), and low educated (62.5%). According to the clinical characteristics most subjects were not-depressed (67%), poor quality-controlled seizure (55.4%), idiopathic etiology (66.9%), generalized seizure (71.4%), and having monotherapy (85.7%). Most of the subjects were not a smoker (76.8%). In this study both the mean score of MMSE and MoCA-Ina were 25.3 and 21.3. MMSE and MoCA-Ina score mean have a strong correlation (r=0.766; p<0.001). Conclusion: MMSE and MoCA-Ina score mean on patients with epilepsy have a strong correlation. Therefore, both instruments could be used to evaluate cognitive function on patients with epilepsy
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