Refrigeran sintetik saat ini masih banyak digunakan untuk fluida kerja mesin pendingin. Pemanasan global merupakan salah satu dampak negatif dari penggunaan refrigeran sintetik. Salah satu alternatif yang dilakukan untuk menanggulangi hal tersebut adalah dengan menggunakan refrigeran alami. Sebagai contoh penggunaan hidrokarbon, propana dan isobutane sebagai pengganti CFC-12, sedangkan pengganti HCFC 22 adalah jenis propana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinerja pengaruh penggantian refrigeran sintetis dengan refrigeran alami, metode yang digunakan yaitu melalui percobaan secara eksperimental pada sebuah air conditioner (AC) dengan cara, mengganti refrigeran R22 dengan R 290. Selain itu, variabel lain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah temperatur dan kelembapan udara lingkungan. Temperatur udara lingkungan diatur pada keadaan 28°,30°C,dan 38°C. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan coefficient of performance (COP) akan semakin turun seiring dengan peningkatan temperatur lingkungan.
The vapor compression cycle refrigeration machine is the type of refrigeration machine that is most widely used today, generally the medium used as a working fluid that transfers heat from the product being cooled to its environment is a synthetic refrigerant. The working fluid is called refrigerant. Refrigerant is the main working fluid used in air conditioning systems to absorb heat and convert it in the refrigeration system. This then encourages countries in the world including Indonesia to then jointly carry out prevention and improvement by making agreements. Then this agreement was known as the Vienna Convention in 1985 followed by the Montreal agreement in 1987. In order to reduce the impact of ODS (Ozone Depleting Substances), in 1992 Indonesia signed the Montreal protocol. At that time, Indonesia also launched the "Indonesian Country for the phase Out of Ozone Depleting Substances (ODS) under the Montreal Protocol". This study aims to compare the work of compression, heat absorbed, and the electric power used by the split type refrigeration machine between refrigerant R-22 and refrigerant R-290. These results and analysis show that R-290 has a higher value than R-22 in compression performance. R22 power consumption is 0.30 kw and R290 is 0.26. R290 this is influenced by the light work of the compressor so that it will have an impact on electric power consumption. The power consumption of R290 is 42% less than R22. The heat absorbed by R 22 is smaller than that using hydrocarbons. The results of the optimization of compressor work, power and heat variables show an effect on efficiency.
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