Six new withanolides, withacoagulins A-F (1-6, resp.), together with ten known withanolides, 7-16, were isolated from the aerial parts of Withania coagulans. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic techniques including 1D- and 2D-NMR (1H, 13C, HMQC, and HMBC) and MS experiments. These compounds, including the crude extracts of this herb, exhibited strong inhibitory activities on the T- and B-cell proliferation.

Phenolic compounds were extracted from the fruits of Morus nigra and Morus alba using methanol and acetone. The sugar-free extracts (SFEs) were prepared using Amberlite XAD-16 column chromatography. All of the SFEs exhibited antioxidant potential as determined by ABTS (0.75–1.25 mmol Trolox/g), DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) (EC50 from 48 μg/mL to 79 μg/mL), and reducing power assays. However, a stronger activity was noted for the SFEs obtained from Morus nigra fruits. These extracts also possessed the highest contents of total phenolics: 164 mg/g (methanolic SFE) and 173 mg/g (acetonic SFE). The presence of phenolic acids and flavonoids in the extracts was confirmed using HPLC method and chlorogenic acid and rutin were found as the dominant phenolic constituents in the SFEs.

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In the crystal structure of the title compound, C14H11FN2O2, the molecule is centrosymmetric. The F atom is disordered over four positions, on the two ortho positions of each ring, with occupancies of 0.287:0.213 (5). In the crystal structure, mol­ecules are linked by inter­molecular N—H⋯O and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds.