Morphology, in the study of Arabic linguistics known as the discipline ‘ilm al-ṣarf, as part of grammar which examines the internal structure of words, has an urgency to be studied in depth. Especially in the context of Arabic studies that embrace typologies of complex inflective languages. This article examines the Arabic morphological system from a modern linguistic perspective, especially on derivational and inflectional changes. The discussion begins on the conception of derivation and inflection in the view of modern linguistics, as an introduction to see the system of derivation and inflection changes in Arabic linguistics. Morphological theories of Arabic grammars, in this article developed and communicated with modern linguistic theories. From this development a new formula was produced in the study of Arabic morphology which is expected to provide a more systematic description of the understanding of the Arabic morphological system.
<p>This study is conducted to answer an important question: is there any transcendent unity behind the diversity or plurality of religions and religiosity? This question will be answered through perennial philosophy approach. The study found that, according to perennial philosophers, there is a transcendent unity behind the diversity or plurality of religions and religiosity. This transcendent unity is seen in ‘the common vision’, or what in Islam is called the ‘basic message of religion’, namely ‘submission’ to always fear God and live His presence in everyday life. Further, the perennial philosophers argue that the True God is one; therefore, all religions emerging from the One are in principle the same for they come from the same source. In other words, the diversity of religions and religiosity lies only in the exoteric level, and all religions actually have a transcendent unity in the esoteric level. However, in this case, the perennial philosophers do not mean to unify or equate all religions. In fact, they try to open a way to a spiritual ascent through the reviving of the religious traditions in every religion.</p><p>Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menjawab sebuah pertanyaan penting: adakah kesatuan transenden di balik keragaman atau pluralitas agama dengan religiusitas? Pertanyaan ini akan dijawab melalui pendekatan filsafat perennial. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa, menurut para filsuf perennial, ada kesatuan transenden di balik keragaman atau pluralitas agama dan religiusitas. Kesatuan transenden ini terlihat dalam pandangan bersama, atau apa yang di dalam Islam disebut pesan dasar agama, yaitu tunduk untuk selalu takut kepada Tuhan dan menjalani kehadiran-Nya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Selanjutnya, para filsuf perennial berpendapat bahwa Tuhan yang Sejati adalah satu. Oleh karena itu, semua agama yang muncul dari Yang Satu pada prinsipnya sama karena mereka berasal dari sumber yang sama. Dengan kata lain, keragaman agama dan religiusitas hanya terletak pada tingkat eksoteris, dan semua agama benar-benar memiliki kesatuan transenden di tingkat esoteris. Namun, dalam kasus ini, filsuf perennial tidak bermaksud menyatukan atau menyamakan semua agama. Sebenarnya, mereka mencoba membuka jalan menuju pendakian spiritual melalui kebangkitan kembali tradisi keagamaan di setiap agama.</p>
Science and human life are inseparable. Without science, human life cannot develop properly. Thus, epistemologically, humans must be placed as the basic foundation of science; that is, humans who have religious and spiritual dimensions equipped with sensory, reason, intuition, and revelation potentials. These dimensions and potentials are the main structure and characteristics of integrative-multidimensional science. This type of science is quite different from modern and contemporary science developed by the West. Western science has reduced the dimensions and potentials of humans into materialistic and mechanical beings; that is, humans who do not have spiritual nor metaphysical dimensions. The Western science is no longer meant for humanity, but for science itself. This study seeks to examine the structure and characteristics of integrative-multidimensional science from the perspective of Islamic epistemology. It makes use of philosophical methods which involve descriptive analysis, interpretation, reflection, and hermeneutic circles. After reviewing the main points of the problem, the study argues that the structure and characteristics of integrative-multidimensional science are ontologically monodualism. In this sense, material dimensions (jasadiyah) and immaterial dimensions (ruhaniyah) are seen as a unit that is synergistic and supporting each other. All the basic human potentials and revelation are the foundation of science. Each of them is seen as an inseparable part. Therefore, in the perspective of Islamic epistemology, integrative-multidimensional science is considered relevant to and connected with the Islamic science.
AbstrakKata hijab merupakan kata serapan dari bahasa Arab dalam bahasa Indonesia. Pengertian kata hijab mengalami perubahan seiring dengan adanya perubahan budaya dalam masyarakat. Dalam penelitian ini produktivitas kata hijab dianalisis dengan mengetahui pembentukan kata melalui proses afiksasi yang berlangsung pada kata tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data penelitian diperoleh dengan menggunakan teknik catat dan dianalisis dengan teknik baca markah dan teknik pemerkuat. Hasil penelitian ini, pertama, afiksasi pada kata hijab dengan afiks meN-, meN-i, dan meN-kan menghasilkan verba transitif, sedangkan afiksasi dengan imbuhan peN-dan peN-an menghasilkan nomina turunannya. Kedua, afiksasi pada kata hijab dengan afiks ber-, ter-, ter-i, dan ter-kan menghasilkan verba intransitif, sedangkan afiksasi dengan imbuhan -er dan pe-an menghasilkan nomina turunannya. Adapun pandangan penutur bahasa Indonesia yang berkenaan dengan kata tersebut adalah sebagai berikut. Pertama, adanya keajegan penutur bahasa Indonesia dalam menggunakan kata hijab. Kedua, penutur bahasa Indonesia menganggap bahwa upaya seseorang untuk menutup tubuhnya sesuai dengan aturan agama adalah pilihan masing-masing orang. Ketiga, adanya sikap keterbukaan penutur bahasa Indonesia terhadap bahasa lain. Kata kunci: afiksasi, verba transitif, verba intransitif, makna gramatikal. Abstract The word hijab is an uptake from Arabic language in Indonesian. The meaning of the hijab has change of culture in society. In this study, the productivity of hijab is analyzed by knowing the formation of words through affixation process that takes place on the word. This study used descriptive qualitative method. Research data were obtained by using the technique of record and analyzed by reading markup technique and strengthened technique. The results of this study: first, affixation of the hijab with affix meN-, meN-i, and meN-kan a result in transitive verbs, whereas affixation with affixed peN-and peN-an produces derivative nouns. Second, the affixation of hijab with affixes ber-, ter-, and ter-i, and ter-kan produces intransitive verbs, whereas affixation with affixes -er and pe-an produces derived nouns. The view of Indonesian speakers with regard to the word is as follows. First, the of consistence Indonesian speakers in using the word hijab. Second, Indonesian speakers consider that wearing according to the rules of religion is the choice of each person. Third, the attitude of openness of Indonesian speakers to other languages. PENDAHULUANPenggunaan kata serapan yang berasal dari bahasa Arab bertambah masif. Hal tersebut dapat dihubungkan dengan begitu kuatnya arus islamisasi yang melanda masyarakat Islam Indonesia dalam ALFABETA
Bagi Hasil memiliki pengaruh pada pembangunan manusia di Pulau Kalimantan. Riset ini menemukan bahwa implementasi desentralisasi di Indonesia membuat pemerintah daerah cenderung mengandalkan dana perimbangan untuk membiayai program pembangunan manusia di daerah.
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