Social well-being is an issue that is increasingly being discussed today. In Malaysia, the Economic Planning Unit (EPU) has released well-being indices under Prime Minister's Department. They were starting with the Malaysian Quality of Life Index 1999 (IKHM 1999) and finally the Malaysians Well-being Index 2018 (IKRM 2018). The index has been a measure of the well-being of the people in Malaysia until today. This study was conducted specifically to discuss social well-being in Malaysia. The construction of this social well-being questionnaire items on the basis of the five elements of Maqasid Syariah, namely Protection of Religion, Protection of Life, Protection of Intellect, Protection of lineage, and Protection of Wealth. The original total number of social welfare items was 113, but after factor analysis had been done, the total number of items was only 102. These items are under five main indicators, namely religious care and belief, living needs, social issues, social opportunities, and politics and stability. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) test and Bartlett's test of sphericity found that all factors exceeded the minimum value. Still, the factors needed to be re-arranged according to the results of the factor analysis.
Social deprivation is a universal phenomenon happening throughout the world. Social deprivation will affect community's social well-being. In the life of a modern community, it is very important to ensure that the level of social well-being of the community is stable to achieve the potential of the people's social life. Through researcher's perspective, indicators or aspects of social well-being listed by The United Nations Research Institute on Social Development (UNRISD) does not emphasize the aspect of well-being in terms of religion and ukhrawi (otherworldly). This paper will discuss some of the social depravity that is happening in the society to the point of affecting the community's social well-being. Drug abuse, free sex and prostitution, black magic, homelessness, committing suicides are among the factors that will affect the wel-being of the society. Many factors are causing social deprivation in society, internal or external factors such as the negative influences of mass media, lack of religious and moral education among society members, irresponsible family members, poverty, sexual promiscuity as well as individualistic society. Social well-being needs to be nurtured and defended from things that can be disruptive such as the issue of social deprivation. Social well-being is closely related to the maqasid syariah where the elements of well-being can be adapted into five (5) elements of maqasid namely the protection of faith or religion, life, intellect, lineage, and property. We will achieve a high level of community's social well-being if we can create a positive and conducive environment. Hence, all the following elements such as; education, the formation of the environment, and effective policies and law enforcement must be included to solve social deprivation.
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