Background Somalia has been without an effective government since the collapse of the military regime in 1991. Years of conflict, disasters, and insecurity have all contributed to very low scores for most health indicators due to poor governance, protracted conflict, underdevelopment, economic decline, poverty, social and gender inequality, and environmental degradation. The three-decade long protracted conflict has led to widespread psychosocial trauma, social deprivation and substance abuse with devastating consequences on mental health. A WHO study showed Somalia has one of the highest rates of mental illness in the world. The main aim of this study is to assist policy makers in setting priorities for the design and delivery of interventions to promote mental health and psychosocial wellbeing in Somalia. Methods The study uses a systematic mapping technique (from January 1991 to May 2020) and data collected from public domain, to collect, collate, and present mental health data mainly from WHO’s Global Health Observatory. Since there is no primary database for Somalia’s public health research, the bibliographic databases used for mental health in this study included Medline, PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar. Data were extracted using techniques for web data mining for public health. Results Systematic mapping of mental health-related issues in Somalia showed that policy-related determinants and mental health services dominated (74.4%), followed by the disaster-related determinants and women’s health consequences (39.3%). The ratio of the number of beds for mental health in general hospitals (per 100,000 population) in Somalia in 2017 is 0.5 compared to the Eastern Mediterranean region (EMR) at 6.4 and globally at 24. One of the biggest casualties of the civil war was loss of essential human resources in healthcare as most either fled the country or were part of the victims of the war. Conclusions The vast scale of the mental health problems in Somalia and the priority setting guidelines for interventions to address the issues outlined in this paper, prompt a dire need that the Somali government and its national/international partners should prioritize and emphasize the need to invest in the prevention and the treatment of mental illness across the country.

An accreditation plan can improve an organizational facilities and services regarding patient care and provides quality improvement skills. In my case scenario, I conceptualized an idea about accreditation of private well-established health care setting. The Kurt Lewin's theory insights a framework of change at the accreditation level, which will be achieved by the application of the transformational leadership style. Transformational leadership style works as guider, motivator, collaborative and bind with sustain the change management mission. The accreditation requires an international standard of practices and high quality of patient care in an organization. The accreditation requirement is fulfilled in the context of organizational cultural and environmental values, beliefs and delivery of services. In the case scenario presented an idea by the reflection on its organizational change. The private health care organization had accreditation capabilities. All essential and standardized equipment and performing procedural guidelines and following protocols. Kurt Lewin's theory give directions to such these kind of organizations in the context of change at the level of accreditation.

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Introduction:Self-esteem and Life satisfaction assume a more prominent role in human development. There are a few components like Age, Gender and SocioEconomic status which influence self-esteem and life satisfaction. Socioeconomic status of a nation may be a factor in people's rating of their life satisfaction. Selfesteem has positive relation with students' academic learning Methods: A descriptive correlational study was conducted at Lahore School of Nursing, The University of Lahore. Data was gathered by nursing students of BSN and Post RN. Questionnaire which was used in this study was Self-esteem inventory and Life Satisfaction scale. Reliability of the scale test by Chronbach alpha. Data was analysed by SPSS and using Pearson correlation test to see the relationship between self-esteem and life satisfaction and socioeconomic status of the nursing students. Results: Results shows a positive correlation between self-esteem and life satisfaction. Pearson correlation level was 1.000 and p value was .000 on 0.05 confidence level of interval which shows negative correlation results. Results also revealed a positive correlation of socioeconomic status with self-esteem and life satisfaction. Conclusions: it is concluded that the relationship of socioeconomic status life satisfaction and self-esteem of the students affects their learning. High level of socioeconomic status can boost the self-esteem and life satisfaction of the students

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