Objective: To compare the effects of Virtual Reality exercises and routine physical therapy on pain and functional disability in patients with chronic low-back pain. Methods: The single-blind randomised controlled trial was conducted from April to October 2020 at the Physiotherapy Department of the Government Services Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan, and comprised patients of either gender, aged 25-50 years with chronic non-radiating low-back pain who were randomised into two equal groups. Group A received routine physical therapy, while group B received Virtual Reality exercises with routine physical therapy. Visual Analogue Scale and Modified Oswestry Disability Index were used to measure outcomes at baseline and after 4th, 8th and 12th sessions. Data was analysed using SPSS 24. Results: Of the 84 patients, there were 42(50%) in each of the two groups. There were 28((33%) males and 56(66.6%) females. The mean age in group A was 37.5+12.5 years and in group B it was 38.2+11.8 years. Pain score at baseline was 6.62+1.04 in group A and 6.50+1.24 in group B which decreased to 3.32+0.81 and 1.00+0.60 respectively after the 12th session (p<0.05) . Functional disability score at baseline was 65.08+8.94 in group A and 69.16+9.13 in Group B which decreased to 40.56+8.59 and 16.04+6.82 respectively after the 12th session (p<0.05). Group B showed significantly better results than group A (p<0.05). Conclusion: Virtual Reality exercises in combination with routine physical therapy had dominant effect on functional disability and low-back pain.
Introduction: Waste disposal is one of the major environmental problems in all over the world. Improper waste disposal causes breeding and may cause infectious diseases like cholera, small pox, and plague, etc. The knowledge of waste disposal is necessary for health of people's. various study reveal that about 90% of people disposal of waste in open places and use the method of land filling, so increase the problems for health of public and the environment. The study has been carried out for the current status of waste disposal. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out in rural area and 100 household peoples were the population. The Data collected by pre-tested questionnaire and direct interviewing the people about their routine waste disposal. Results: Majority of respondents (72.0%) was aware about adverse effects of improper waste removal and (28.0%) Respondent was not aware.95.0% of people have good attitude about waste disposal. Regarding practices most of respondent (52.0%) had the poor practices towards waste disposal and 41.0% had satisfactory practices. Conclusion: The knowledge regarding waste disposal in the most of respondents was found good and in Minimum of respondents having satisfactory knowledge. In spite of good knowledge, the respondents having poor Practices regarding waste disposal due to lack of awareness, unavailability of public dustbins.
Introduction: Nursing is a very demanding career. In nursing work nurse’s work not only have tons of things to get done. Nurses scores in time management were more than those of men, with statistically significant difference: (p<0.05). There was a positive significant relationship between individual skills and organizational skills in time management (p<0.05). The purpose of this study was to determine the factors affecting time management of professional nurses. Methodology: A descriptive cross sectional analytic study was conducted at government hospital of Lahore. Data was collected from 211 registered nurses using convenient sampling. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results: There is statistically significant differences, in the significance level 0.05, of effective time management for nurses according to gender. Professional nurses spend much time in gossiping of both gender as (p <0.05), time allocated for socialization were more among female nurses Shortage of staff contributes poor time management towards patient care, working under pressure is significantly associated with poor patient care (p <0.05). Nurses spend much time using mobile phone is statistically significant (p <0.05). Conclusion: Time management is very crucial to the nurses and helps them to plan for their available time and use it to manage their tasks. This research identified and evaluated time management in professional nurses. Based on the results, it was found that shortage of staff contributes poor time management towards patient care, working under pressure affect patient care negatively, proper supervision will improve time management. It is also conclude that time management is necessary for medical workers, especially nurses. Thus, it would be interesting to conduct comparative cultural studies to better evaluate time management.Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 5, Issue-3: 231-235
Background: In order to maintain the health, the homeostasis dynamics and balance process is most important. Among the critically ill cardiac surgery patients the homeostasis is imbalance and results in insufficient tissues perfusion and many organs of the body lead to the failure condition. It is necessary to monitor actively the intake and output during electrolytes administration in the cardiac surgery patients. Objectives: To assess the knowledge and practice of the registered nurses about fluid and electrolytes monitoring and administration in the cardiac surgery patients. Methodology: This study is of descriptive and cross sectional study design. The questioner of knowledge and practices regarding fluid and electrolytes administration was adopted from the article of Vijayan (Vijayan, 2011) which is based on 5-point Likert scale. The data was collected from 208 nurses of Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Lahore, Pakistan. Conclusion: The findings of the current study show that the nurses have poor knowledge and practices of nurses, so, public hospital's administration should focus on the strategies and activities which become helpful to increase the knowledge and practices of nurses regarding fluid and electrolytes administration.
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is growing fastly the world is witnessing. The incidence of alarming concern to health care providers is rapidly rising. The main burden of this disease will fall on all developing countries. The number of diabetic patients will reach 300 million by the end of 2025 it is known through the estimation mostly developing countries will have such a dramatic and significant impacts. Methodology: The quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study design was used with convenient sampling (n=142) from Services Hospital Lahore. Using the questioner consist of 34 items data was analyzed through spss21 version descriptive analyses and the chi-square test with (p=<0.05) was used. Results: Findings of the study that only 19% had good knowledge they answered 8 or more correct responses remaining 81% participants answered less than 50% correct responses had poor knowledge. The 41.5% had positive attitude with diabetic diet while the remaining 58.5% were having negative attitude. The findings also revealed that only 17.6% had good practices they answered 50% and above correct responses while the others 82.4% participants answered less than 50% correct responses and were doing poor practices about the diabetic diet. The significant association was found between the gender and patient’s knowledge and no significant association between the education and patient’s dietary knowledge. Conclusion: The diabetes type 2 patients should have up to mark dietary, knowledge, and keep it in practicing well. It will, prevent from diabetes complications. There is need to improve the patients knowledge and provide education them.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(2): 227-236
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