In this study, the isolation of sulphur oxidising bacteria (SOB) from hot spring in Malaysia was carried out in an enrichment culture using sodium thiosulphate as a sole energy and CO 2 as a sole carbon source. A total number of 80 SOB isolates were obtained from the agar plate and considered as positive SOB due to their abilities using thiosulphate for growth. All the isolates were initially screened for their fast growths in liquid medium and 13 isolates were selected for another screening process. Three SOB isolates namely isolate AH18, AH25, and AH28 were selected based on their abilities to grow faster, produce the highest sulphate ion and reducing the pH in the growth medium. The cells were Gram-negative and short rod-shaped. The effects of various variables including temperature (25-45 °C), pH (4-9), sodium thiosulphate concentrations (4-100 mM) and metabolic characteristic were evaluated on bacterial growth and their sulphur oxidation activities. The optimum pH of all the potential isolates occurred at pH 8.0. Meanwhile, the optimum temperature for isolate AH18, AH25 and AH28 occurred at 45 °C, 30 °C, and 30-45 °C, respectively. The three isolates were classified as facultative chemolithotroph with the capability of growth in thiosulphate concentration as high as 100 mM. Therefore, given the ability in the oxidation of thiosulphate, temperature and pH adaptabilities, with the metabolic flexibilities of isolates AH18, AH25, and AH28 could be a good H 2 S biological deodorizing candidate.
The population growth rate in big cities such as Jakarta and its satellite cities has a correlation that is directly proportional to the level of clean water consumption. The biggest consumption of clean water is generally used for domestic household needs. However, the use of clean water is still not efficient. Therefore, the efficiency of water-saving needs to be carried out by utilizing sources that have not been optimally used, for example, greywater and rainwater. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of water usage in 3 (three) types of housing and the level of efficiency of utilization of domestic wastewater (greywater) and rainfall (CH) in reducing the use of clean water. This research was performed in the Villa Bintang Mas residential area in the City of South Tangerang, the Villa Bintang Mas residential area in the City of Depok, and the Selakopi Hijau/Forestry residential area in the City of Bogor. Data collection was conducted by a series of surveys using a questionnaire on the sample of a household. The results show that the data processing needs of clean water in three residentials range of values between ± 158.84 Liters/person/day up to ± 215.38 Liters/person/day. The level of efficiency of the utilization of greywater and rainwater in reducing the usage of clean water in three housing ranges from 21.12% to 58.47%.Keywords: Domestic Waste, the Use of Clean Water ABSTRAKTingkat pertumbuhan penduduk di kota-kota besar seperti jakarta dan kota-kota satelitnya memiliki korelasi yang berbanding lurus dengan tingkat konsumsi air bersih yang dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat. Konsumsi air bersih terbesar adalah untuk kebutuhan domestik rumah tangga. Penggunaan air bersih saat ini masih belum mengikuti kaidah efisiensi dalam penggunaannya, untuk itu efisiensi penghematan air perlu segera dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan sumber-sumber lain yang belum termanfaatkan, antara lain air limbah domestik rumah tangga (grey water) dan air hujan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui tingkat pemakaian air di 3 (tiga) tipe perumahan,serta tingkat efisiensi pemanfaatan air limbah domestik rumah tangga (grey water) serta curah hujan (CH) dalam menurunkan pemakaian air bersih. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Perumahan Villa Bintang Mas, Kota Tangerang Selatan, Perumahan Permata Depok, Kota Depok, dan Perumahan Selakopi Hijau/Kehutanan, Kota Bogor. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara survei menggunakan kuesioner pada rumah tangga yang menjadi sampel. Hasil pengolahan data memperlihatkan bahwa kebutuhan air bersih di tiga perumahan berkisar pada rentang nilai antara ±158,84 Liter/Orang/Hari sampai dengan ± 215.38 Liter/Orang/Hari. Tingkat efisiensi pemanfaatan grey water dan air hujan dalam mengurangi pemakaian air bersih di tiga perumahan berkisar antara 21,12% hingga 58,47%.Kata kunci: Limbah Domestik, Penggunaan Air Bersih
Karakteristik konsentrasi timbel (Pb) dalam daun 3 (tiga) jenis pohon di sekitar pabrik peleburan aki bekas di Tangerang dan Bekasi Characteristics of lead (Pb) concentration in leaves of three tree species around used battery smelters in Tangerang and Bekasi
Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis scientometrics untuk mengetahui perkembangan penelitian merkuri pada penambangan emas skala kecil (PESK) di Indonesia tahun 2009-2019. Abstrak dari 81 publikasi ilmiah tersortir dianalisis menggunakan content analysis berdasarkan kategori yang diturunkan dari Peraturan Presiden Nomor 21/2019 tentang Rencana Aksi Nasional Pengurangan dan Penghapusan Merkuri (RAN-PPM). Enam kategori terdiri dari: penyimpanan merkuri dan limbah merkuri, pemulihan dan rehabilitasi lahan bekas PESK, pemantauan merkuri, peta sumber merkuri dan peta dampak emisi merkuri, jalur distribusi merkuri dari hulu ke hilir, dan sosial ekonomi. Keenam kategori tersebut mendasari kuantifikasi publikasi, penulis, lembaga afiliasi, dan sitasi. Riset membuktikan bahwa publikasi PESK tertinggi dihasilkan tahun 2015 (14 artikel), publikasi terbanyak adalah pemantauan merkuri (32 artikel), naskah terbanyak dihasilkan oleh peneliti Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (LIPI) dan Universitas Sam Ratulangi (UNSRAT) (masing-masing 3 artikel), lembaga afiliasi paling produktif adalah UNSRAT (11 artikel), serta sitasi terbanyak pada tahun 2012 (42 sitasi). Temuan yang menjadi rekomendasi adalah kebutuhan riset untuk kegiatan yang minim publikasi, yakni penyimpanan merkuri dan limbah merkuri serta riset tentang alur suplai hingga penggunaan merkuri di PESK. Hasil studi ini menjadi masukan pemerintah tentang pencapaian Indonesia dalam penghapusan merkuri di bidang prioritas PESK serta bahan evaluasi pelaksanaan Konvensi Minamata (Undang-undang Nomor 11/2017) dan pelaksanaan RAN-PPM (Peraturan Presiden Nomor 21/2019).
Kontribusi penulis: MYH: Melakukan analisis kesesuaian lahan aktual dan potensial untuk masing-masing jenis tanaman yang diujikan, dan mendeskripsikan pengolahan lahan yang harus dilakukan; RF: Melakukan analisis sosial ekonomi; CAS: Melakukan analisis tanah, kebijakan pengelolaan lahan, serta menentukan arahan dan rekomendasi penanaman yang disarankan didalam naskah.
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