This study was to evaluate the effects of feed supplements containing tannins, NPN and mineral on milk yield and milk quality of dairy cattle. Nine lactating dairy cows were designed in experiment by a completely randomized design with 3 treatments and 3 replications. Treatment consists of R0: Total Mixed Ration (TMR); RA: TMR + supplements A; RB: TMR + supplement B. The results showed that supplementation of feed supplements A and B were no effect on milk yield and quality but were had significantly different effect on Milk production efficiency for MPE (Milk yield/FCM). Feed supplement A can increase milk yield by 20.88% and feed supplement B increase milk yield by 8.07% compare with only TMR feeding. All supplementation feed supplement had average milk yield higher than control feed. In conclusion the feed supplements increase feed efficiency for dairy cattle. Index Terms-milk yield, milk quality, dairy cattle, feed supplement
The objective of this experiment was to obtain forage/ cover crops productivity and carrying capacity for ruminant animals in Pelalawan Regency, Riau in the dry season. Data were collected from civil palm oil plantations at the aged 7, 10 and 14 years in the end of dry season with a destructive sampling method. Sampling used line intercept method which every hectare were picked 10 points by using a pair of 1 m2 sized quadrant. The result showed that the number of vegetations/ cover crops in oil palm plantations aged 7, 10 and 14 years was 42 types.The proportion of forage which consist grass, legume and ferns was diverse at each age of oil palm plantations. Forage production under oil palm plantations aged 7, 10 and 14 years were 2,571 kg/ha, 1479.76 kg/ha and 1417.22 kg/ha as fed and amounted to 811.41 kg/ ha, 471, 15 kg/ ha and 456.91 kg/ ha in the dry matter production. Average carrying capacities of oil palm plantations aged 7, 10 and 14 years was 0.36 Animal units (AU)/ha/year, 0.21 AU/ha/year and 0.20 AU/ ha/year.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi jumlah covercrop dan kapasitas tampungnya di kebun sawit sebagai sumber pakan hijauan ruminansia pada musim kemarau di kabupaten Pelalawan, Riau. Pengambilan data dilakukan di perkebunan kelapa sawit yang berumur 7, 10 dan 14 tahun milik rakyat pada akhir musim kemarau. Pengambilan sampel dengan destructive sampling method menggunakan metode garis berpetak memakai kuadran berukuran 1m2 dengan jumlah sampel tiap area sebanyak 10 titik. Berdasar hasil pengukuran diperoleh hasil jumlah vegetasi/ covercrop yang ada di kebun sawit berumur 7, 10 dan 14 tahun sebanyak 42 jenis yang bervariasi tiap umur tanaman sawit. Proporsi hijauan yang ada meliputi jenis rumput, legume dan paku-pakuan bervariasi pada tiap umur kebun sawit. Produksi hijauan yang ada di bawah kebun sawit berumur 7, 10 dan 14 tahun berturut-turut 2.571 kg/ha, 1.479,76 kg/ha dan 1.417,22 kg/ha dalam bentuk segar serta sebesar 811,41 kg/ha, 471,15 kg/ha dan 456,91 kg/ha dalam bahan kering. Kapasitas tampung dari kebun sawit berumur 7, 10 dan 14 tahun adalah 0,36 satuan ternak (ST)/ha, 0,21 ST/ha dan 0,20 ST/ha.Keywords: cover crops, oil palm plantation, forage, ruminant, dry season, Pelalawan
Fluctuation of quantity and quality of forage for ruminant animal is a problem of forage availability in Indonesia. Cover crop under oil palm plantation is potential sources of forage for ruminants but it has not been used effectively. This study was conducted to evaluate nutrients quality and estimated energy available of cover crop in dry season in Pelalawan regency, Riau. Seven years old oil palm plantation was plotted by randomized destructive sampling method. Nutrients composition include proximate, modified van soest fraction and protein association with cell wall (NDICP or ADICP) were analyzed for nutrient quality of cover crop. In vitro true dry matter digestibility (IVTDMD) and estimated energy available in cover crop were calculated from in vitro batch culture daisyII Ankom method. The result showed that cover crop is fresh forage energy feed because it contains more than 40% BK of TDN. Limited nutrient quality of cover crop is high contains of Lignin (22.4%BK). Value of IVTDMD of cover crop is 568.41 g/Kg DM with NDF digestibility 21.05% DM. In conclusion, cover crop under 7 years old oil palm plantation had enough nutrients quality for ruminant but it would be better for complete the data in wet season.Fluktuasi jumlah dan kualitas pakan hijauan untuk ternak ruminanasia adalah salah satu permasalahan penyediaannya di Indonesia. Covercrop kebun sawit merupakan sumber potensial pakan hijauan ternak ruminansia tetapi belum dimanfaatakan secara efektif. Studi ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi kualitas nutrisi dan ketersediaan energy dalam pakan cover crop kebun sawit pada musim kemarau di kabupaten Pelalawan, Riau. Metode yang digunakan adalah destructive sampling method secara acak. Komposisi nutrisi proksimat, fraksi serat van soest termodifikasi, dan kandungan protein yang terasosiasi dalam dinding sel tanaman (NDICP atau ADICP) di analisis sebagai parameter kualitas nutrisi covercrop. Nilai kecernaan nyata bahan kering/ in vitro true dry matter digestibility (IVTDMD) dan estimasi energi yang tersedia didalam covercrop di hitung dari inkubasi covercrop dalam incubator DaisyII teknologi Ankom selama 30 jam. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa cover crop termasuk dalam pakan hijauan segar sumber energi karena kandungan TDN lebih dari 40%. Pembatas nutrisi pada cover crop adalah kandungan lignin yang besar (22.4% BK). Nilai IVTDMD dan kecernaan NDF cover crop sebesar 568.41 g/Kg BK dan 21.05% Kesimpulannya adalah cover crop kebun sawit umur 7 tahun mempunyai potensi sebagai pakan hijauan ruminansia dengan kualitas nutrisi yang baik tetapi juga memerlukan data kualitas nutrisinya pada musim hujan.Keywords: Nutrient quality, In vitro true dry matter digestibility (IVTDMD), cover crop, oil palm plantation, ruminants.
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