Purpose To review causes for performing an ultrasound biomicroscopic (UBM) examination in traumatized eyes, to present common UBM findings of 109 eyes with a history of ocular trauma and to compare these findings according to the type of the trauma. Materials and methods A total of 109 eyes with a history of mechanical ocular trauma, which underwent an UBM examination between December 1996 and April 2002, were evaluated retrospectively. All cases were classified according to the criteria of the Ocular Trauma Classification Group and UBM findings were reviewed. For statistical analyses, v 2 test and Fisher's exact test were used. Results UBM examinations were performed for the evaluation of the zonules before cataract surgery (49.5%), examination of the anterior segment in the presence of media opacities (32.1%), detection of suspected ocular foreign bodies (10.1%) and the evaluation of ocular hypotony (8.3%). In all, 67 eyes (61.5%) had a closed-globe injury, whereas 42 (38.5%) had an open-globe injury. The most common UBM findings in a closed-globe injury were zonular deficiency (64.2%), angle recession (43.3%), iridodialysis (17.9%), and dislocated lens (16.4%). The most common UBM findings in an open-globe injury were zonular deficiency (54.8%), iridodialysis (26.2%), peripheral anterior synechiae (PAS) (26.2%), and iridocorneal adhesion (19%). Among the common UBM findings, the angle recession was significantly higher (Po0.001) in closedglobe injury group and PAS formation was significantly higher (Po0.05) in open-globe injury group. Conclusions UBM is particularly superior to other methods in the evaluation of the zonular status, angle recession, cyclodialysis, and the detection of small superficial and intraocular foreign bodies.

Objectives:To investigate the demographic, etiologic, and clinical features of HLA-B27-associated uveitis.Materials and Methods:The clinical records of 91 patients diagnosed with HLA-B27-associated uveitis at the Ulucanlar Eye Training and Research Hospital between the years of 2005 and 2016 were reviewed. Each patient’s presenting complaints, best-corrected visual acuities in first and last visits, biomicroscopic and fundoscopic examination findings, frequency and seasonal distribution of attacks, and demographic data such as age and sex were noted. Therapeutic approaches, duration of follow-up, and complications were analyzed.Results:A total of 91 patients (179 eyes) aged 19-82 years (mean age 46.52±13.06 years) were included. Forty-three patients (47.3%) were female and 48 (52.7%) were male. Bilateral involvement was observed in 44 (48.4%) and unilateral involvement was observed in 47 (51.6%) patients. The most frequent complaint was redness (67%), followed by decreased and/or blurred vision (50.5%). The mean follow-up time was 38.2 months (range, 1-245 months). Anterior uveitis was most common anatomical subtype, seen in 86 (94.5%) of the patients. Mean number of attacks was 1.93±1.45 per patient-year and a significantly higher number of uveitis attacks (47%) occurred in winter. Twenty-four patients (26.3%) were diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis. Fibrinous uveitis was detected in 36 patients (39.5%). Posterior synechia developed in 41 (22.9%) and hypopyon developed in 7 (3.9%) eyes. The most common complications were cataract (n=12, 6.7%) and ocular hypertension (n=15, 8.3%).Conclusion:Ninety-one (6.3%) of the 1422 patients followed in our uvea clinic were diagnosed with HLA-B27-associated uveitis. HLA-B27-associated uveitis is characterized by acute, recurring sudden-onset iridocyclitis with a moderate to severe amount of fibrin and cells in the anterior chamber, and is easily treatable. Visual prognosis is good despite the complications.

A series of (E) -3- (3-(2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-2-oxo-3 H -benzoxazole-6-yl)-1-phenyl-1 H -pyrazole-4-yl)acrylamides (7a-k) were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro inhibitory activities on COX-1 and COX-2 isoforms using a human whole blood assay as well as their antiplatelet profile against human platelet aggregation using arachidonic acid as agonists. Among the synthesized derivatives 7a-k, especially compound 7g exhibited dual anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet activity with selective COX-2 inhibition.

Ocular manifestations in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis can be associated with the general or limited form of disease and can even occur in the absence of systemic disease. Ocular manifestations of associated vasculitis can be the first symptom of previously not manifested or undiagnosed systemic disease, allowing ophthalmologists to contribute to the diagnosis. Although its ocular findings are variable and nonspecific, the presence of necrotizing changes and peripheral corneal involvement accompanying scleral inflammation are important clues suggesting systemic vasculitis, especially associated vasculitis. The disease may affect all layers of the eye; scleritis and orbital involvement being the most common. Conjunctivitis, episcleritis, peripheral ulcerative keratitis, uveitis and retinal vasculitis are other ocular findings that may be observed during the disease course. Ocular involvement is most commonly seen in granulomatosis with polyangiitis followed by eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis. Due to the high morbidity and mortality of associated vasculitis, it is very important to recognize the ocular manifestations of vasculitis as a sign of the underlying systemic disease and an indicator for the disease activity. Treatment varies depending on the location and severity of the ocular involvement. Although localized medical and surgical treatments can help to manage associated ocular disease, systemic immunosuppressive medications are often required to control the underlying disease. With the increasing availability and use of biological agents, prognosis has improved in patients with severe ocular complications. Rituximab appears to be useful in inducing remission and controlling relapses in patients with ocular involvement of associated vasculitis, particularly in cyclophosphamide resistant cases. A multidisciplinary approach in the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with associated vasculitis is required in order to achieve successful results.

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