Medicinal plants employed in the management of diseases has been attributed to their phytochemical compositions. The present study aimed to investigate the phytochemicals, bioactive, and heavy metals components present in aqueous and ethanol stem bark extracts of Ximenia americana. The phytochemical compositions were qualitatively, and quantitatively determined, followed by the identification of bioactive compounds present. The heavy metals composition was also determined. The result revealed the presence of saponins in the aqueous (30.67% ±0.39), and ethanol (19.67% ±0.78) extract. However, alkaloids (14.61% ±0.46) were detected only in the aqueous extract while steroids (7.00% ±1.16), and glycosides (0.38% ±0.03) were in the ethanol extract only. A total of 17 and 26 compounds were identified in the aqueous and ethanol extract respectively. Chromium and lead had a concentration of 0.184 ppm ±0.080 and 0.886 ppm ±0.210 respectively in the aqueous and ethanol extract. Cadmium had a concentration of 0.001 ppm ±0.000 in both aqueous and ethanol extract. Conclusively, X. americana contains bioactive components that could be utilized in the production of novel drugs by isolation of these bioactive compounds.
Hyperlipidemia is characterized by elevated levels of Triglycerides, Cholesterol, LDL, and decreased levels of HDL are challenges in the management of Diabetes mellitus which might lead to death. This study aimed to determine the hypolipidemic potential of ethyl acetate extract of Hyphaene thebaica fruit in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The hypolipidemic potential of H. thebaica fruit in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats was determined. Rats were divided into six groups. Treatment groups were administered the extract at doses of 400 and 200 mg/kg body weight. Oral administration of the extract at 400 mg/kg body weight for four weeks significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the levels of total cholesterol (151.7 mg/dl ±2.40), Triglyceride (84.0 mg/dl ±1.15), LDL (75.2 mg/dl ±1.20) and increased HDL (39.3 mg/dl ±1.88) level. However no significant (p < 0.05) difference was observed between the 400 and 200 mg/kg body weight dose. Conclusively, H. thebaica can be used as a medicinal plant due to its protective action against dyslipidemic complications of diabetes mellitus.
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