Cancer has genetic and environmental causes, one of which is the ingestion of heavy metals such as cadmium.ObjectiveTo evaluate the lesions caused by cadmium poisoning in the digestive tract and the possible effect of the drinking water pH in the initiation of these lesions.Methods90 male Wistar rats were used, divided into six groups (n = 15): A – received 400 mg/l cadmium chloride (CdCl2) in drinking water at a neutral pH of 7.0; B – received CdCl2 (400 mg/l) in drinking water at an acidic pH of 5.0; C – received CdCl2 (400 mg/l) in drinking water at a basic pH of 8.0; D – received water at an acidic pH of 5.0; E – received water at a basic pH of 8.0; and F – received water at a neutral pH of 7.0. Animals were euthanized after 6 months. Samples of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine of each rat were removed for microscopic analysis.ResultsThere were no microscopic changes in either the esophagus or small and large intestines. Only cadmium-exposed animals showed mild dysplasia of the gastric mucosa (p = 0.012), regardless of the pH (p > 0.05).ConclusionCadmium exposure led to the formation of dysplastic lesions in the gastric glandular epithelium, regardless of the water pH.
Severe Hypertriglyceridemia Syndrome is associated with diseases such as Acute Pancreatitis and Coronary Artery Disease, caused due to the exacerbated increase in plasma levels of triglycerides. In acute conditions triggered by hypertriglyceridemia, such as acute pancreatitis, apheresis is the recommended treatment, and it should be instituted as soon as possible. The aim of this article is to describe two cases of severe hypertriglyceridemia and the clinical outcome of both patients after undergoing the apheresis procedure. In this report, we describe two cases of severe hypertriglyceridemia, one without clinical complaints and the other with acute abdominal pain. Both were treated with apheresis and presented good evolution, and are now being followed up on an outpatient basis. Early diagnosis and easy access for patients to this method of treatment contributed to the rapid reduction and clinical stability of cases.
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