Utilization of osmotic pressure as a driving force for delivery of pharmaceutical agents in a controlled pattern for a prolonged period of time is a well-established fact. The concept of osmotic drug delivery was first introduced by Theeuwes (1). The simplest design of an osmotic drug delivery system consists of an osmotically active core surrounded by a semipermeable membrane, with one or more delivery orifices through which the drug is delivered in a controlled fashion. Various modifications of the basic design of osmotic pump have been reported (2) and reviewed (3,4).One such modification is the utilization of asymmetric membrane coating for osmotic drug delivery. The walls of an asymmetric membrane capsule are prepared by the phase inversion technique. As the name suggests, the membrane is asymmetric in nature, i.e., it has a relatively thin dense region supported on a thicker porous region (5). An asymmetric membrane capsule of cellulose acetate for osmotic delivery of flurbiprofen has been developed and influence of osmogents and solubilizing agent on in vitro drug release were evaluated. The capsule membrane was prepared by the phase inversion technique. To ensure the osmotic delivery of drug, two approaches were adopted: (i) the drug was encapsulated with osmogents like sodium chloride and mannitol to increase the osmotic pressure of the core, and (ii) the drug was encapsulated with sodium lauryl sulfate in the core of the formulation to increase the solubility and thus its osmotic pressure. Scanning electron microscopy of the membrane confirmed its porous, dense asymmetric nature. Dye test revealed in situ pore formation. The in vitro release study showed that as the proportion of osmogent and solubilizing agent was increased the release rate also increased. A good correlation was observed between the zero-order rate constant and the amount of the osmogent and solubilizing agent used.
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