For Child-Pugh class A and B cirrhotics, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is comparable to the open approach regarding operative time, morbidity, mortality, and effect on liver function, but with shorter hospital stay. Considering the other well-documented advantages of the laparoscopic approach, namely, less pain, earlier mobilization and feeding, and better cosmoses, laparoscopic cholecystectomy would be the first choice in cirrhotic patients.
In the present study, a set of three strong motions accompanied by 21 before and after mainshock motions from liquefied soil at the Kushiro Port vertical array site have been obtained. S-wave velocity variation is estimated using a new proposed nonlinear GA inversion technique. This inversion technique is reproductive in assessment for S-wave velocities due to its direct link with the simulation FEM program and matching technique between the observed and simulated waveforms. Layers (6 ∼ 23 m depth) have been found to be responsible for liquefaction at the Kushiro Port site. Stiffness degradation due to liquefaction could be predicted by applying the inversion technique on the horizontal components of the mainshocks at different time-windows and then multiplying the weighting functions by the nonlinear simulated ground motions. These weighting functions were applied to delete the misfit time window of the nonlinear simulated ground motions when these were compared to the observed records. Finally, stacking was applied for the weighted nonlinear simulated ground motions. A strong degree of liquefaction is concluded during the Kushiro-Oki (1993) and the Hokkaido Toho-Oki (1994) earthquakes, whereas a low degree of liquefaction was detected to have occurred during the Tokachi-Oki (2003) earthquake due to high increase of rigidity following a trend that resembles a consolidation curve.
Student scores in TOEFL IBT reading, listening, and writing may reveal weaknesses and deficiencies in educational institutions. Traditional approaches and evaluations are unable to disclose the significant information hidden inside the student's TOEFL score. As a result, data mining approaches are widely used in a wide range of fields, particularly education, where it is recognized as Educational Data Mining (EDM). Educational data mining is a prototype for handling research issues in student data which can be used to investigate previously undetected relationships in a huge database of students. This study used the EDM to define the numerous factors that influence students' achievement and to create observations using advanced algorithms. The present study explored the relationship among university students' previous academic experience, gender, student place and their current course attendance within a sample of 473 (225 male and 248 female). Educational specialists must find out the causes of student dropout in TOEFL scores. The results of the study showed that the model could be suitable for investigation of important aspects of student outcomes, the present research was supposed to use the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS V26) for both descriptive and inferential statistics and multiple linear regressions to improve their scores.
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