BackgroundTo our knowledge, no large population – based studies have been performed on the topic of menstrual patterns among Egyptian adolescent in recent years. The aims of this study were to identify menstrual patterns and associated disorders as well as the sources of menstrual health knowledge among Egyptian adolescents.MethodsA cross-sectional survey. A total of 800 questionnaires were administered to post-menarcheal Egyptian adolescents attending secondary schools in Giza, Egypt, from September 1, 2012, to December 1, 2013. Participants were asked to respond to a semi-structured questionnaire on menstrual health awareness. The questionnaire included items on girl’s socio-demographic and menstrual pattern characteristics, concerning their age at menarche, menstrual cycle length and regularity, duration and amount of flow, type and severity of pain related to menstruation, need for analgesia; and symptoms suggestive of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) Main Outcome Measure: description of menstrual patterns, disorders and source of knowledge.ResultsFour hundred twelve (51.5 %) out of 800 adolescents completed the questionnaire. The mean age of the girls was 14.67 ± 1.7 years. Mean age at menarche was 12.49 ± 1.20 years. 382 respondents reported various menstrual disorders, giving a prevalence rate of 95 %. Dysmenorrhea was the most prevalent (93 %) menstrual disorder in our sample, followed by PMS (65 %), and abnormal cycle lengths (43 %). Menstrual disorders interfered with social and academic life of 33 and 7.7 % of respondents respectively. Most participants lacked menstrual health knowledge and only 8.9 % of girls reported consulting a physician.ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, this is one of the largest studies on menstrual pattern and disorders among Egyptian adolescent girls. Our Findings of the present study are consistent with other studies and reported higher than expected prevalence of menstrual disorders.
Background Inserting IUDs during cesarean section reduces the need for more manipulation and discomfort. The current conventional manual technique for IUD insertion during cesarean section is not standardized with many modifications and high rates of expulsion, displacement, missed threads, and discontinuation. This study aims to find a standard technique for IUD insertion during cesarean section with the least possible problems, especially displacement and missed threads. Methods A randomized controlled study was conducted at Kasr Al-Ainy Maternity Hospital, Cairo University, Egypt. The study was performed over 12 months, from September 2020 to September 2021. Two groups of patients were selected; each group included 420 patients with a desire for IUD insertion during cesarean section. Group (A) (Control group) was subjected to a post-placental intrauterine device (Copper T380) during cesarean section using a conventional manual method; Group (B) (Study group): the IUD (Copper T380) was placed at the top of the uterine fundus using a new technique (intra-cesarean post placental introducer withdrawal IUD insertion technique). Results There was a significant statistical difference between the two groups regarding displacement of the IUDs at the end of puerperium, at 6 months, non-visibility of IUD threads, and continuation of use with p-value < 0.05. There was no significant statistical difference in the term of duration of surgery. Conclusion The new technique of post-placental IUD insertion can be the standard technique of intra-cesarean section IUD insertion as it is associated with more favorable outcomes among the included women in the form of lower incidence of IUD displacement, non-visibility of IUD threads, and higher rates of continuation without increasing the duration of surgery as compared with the conventional manual technique. Trial registration ClinicalTrial.gov ID: NCT05788354, registration date: 28/03/2023 (retrospectively registered).
Background: The insertion of IUDs during caesarean section reduces the need for more manipulation and discomfort. This study aims to find out a standard technique for IUD insertion during cesarean section with the least possible problems especially displacement and missed threads. Methods: A randomized controlled study was conducted at Kasr Al-Ainy Maternity hospital, Cairo University, Egypt. The study was conducted over the period of 12 months in the period from September 2020 till September 2021. Two groups of patients were selected; each group included 420 patients with desire for IUD insertion during cesarean section. Group (A) (Control group) was subjected to post-placental intrauterine device (Cupper T380) during cesarean section using conventional manual method, Group (B) (Study group): the IUD (Cupper T380) was placed at the top of the uterine fundus using a new technique (intra-cesarean post placental introducer withdrawal IUD insertion technique). Results: There was significant statistical difference between the two groups in the term of displacement of the IUDs at the end of puerperium, at 6 months, non-visualization of IUD threads and continuation of use with p-value<0.05. There was no significant statistical difference in the term of duration of surgery. Conclusion: The new technique of post-placental IUD insertion can be the standard technique of intra-cesarean section IUD insertion as it is associated with more favorable outcomes among the included women in the form of lower incidence of IUD displacement, non-visualization of IUD strings and higher rates of continuation without increasing the duration of surgery as compared with the conventional manual technique. Trial registration: ClinicalTrial.gov ID: NCT05788354, registration date: 28/03/2023 (retrospectively registered)
Background The anatomy of the fatty parts of the vulva, specifically the mons pubis and labia majora, has not been extensively studied. Objectives This study aimed to provide a comprehensive three-dimensional (3D) picture of mons pubis and labia majora by defining and measuring their dimensions. Furthermore, the study sought to calculate the different ratios, volumes, and weights of these structures. Methods The study included 214 women, who were divided into 2 groups based on their body mass index (BMI). The researchers defined 27 dimensions to describe the width, height, and length of the mons pubis and labia majora and specified the measuring methodology. Results The height of the mons pubis was approximately three quarters of its length and half its width. The labia majora were wider and taller anteriorly than posteriorly, and their ratios decreased as they went posteriorly, from 4 to 2. The ratio of monal height to maximum labial height and to labial length was 3 and 1 respectively, while the ratio of monal width to the sum of maximum labial widths was nearly 1.5. The calculated volumes and weights of the mons pubis and labium majus were 200 cc, 30 cc, 180 g, and 27 g in group 1, and 300 cc, 40 cc, 270 g, and 36 g in group 2, respectively. Conclusions The dimensions, ratios, weights, and volumes defined and measured in this study should serve as the basis for any esthetic measures involving the mons pubis and labia majora. Moreover, BMI and the different ratios should be considered in such measures.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.