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Quantitative immunochemical FOBT has good sensitivity and specificity for detection of clinically significant neoplasia. Test performance in screening average-risk populations is not known.

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W A hile "most" decision makers may prefer one uncertain prospect over another, stochastic dominance rules as well as other investment criteria, will not reveal this preference due to some extreme utility functions in the case of even a very small violation of these rules. Such strict rules relate to "all" utility functions in a given class including extreme ones which presumably rarely represents investors' preference. In this paper we establish almost stochastic dominance (ASD) rules which formally reveal a preference for "most" decision makers, but not for "all" of them. The ASD rules reveal that choices which probably conform with "most" decision makers also solve some debates, e.g., showing, as practitioners claim, an ASD preference for a higher proportion of stocks in the portfolio as the investment horizon increases, a conclusion which is not implied by the well-known stochastic dominance rules. (Stochastic Dominance; Almost Stochastic Dominance; Mean-Variance; Risk Aversion) The detailed development of SD paradigm is given in the survey of Levy (1992, 1998).

Screening colonoscopy in average-risk subjects demonstrated a considerable prevalence of CR neoplasia and proximal lesions beyond the reach of sigmoidoscopy. The morbidity rate was negligible. Primary screening colonoscopy should be considered in health programs for the average-risk population, beginning at the age of 50 yr. The significantly high rate of advanced and proximal neoplasia in the elderly, encourages the inclusion of healthy subjects aged 76-80 yr in future prospective studies.