BackgroundThe relationship of oxidative stress to thyroid hormones has not been studied in the schizophrenics. The present study determined the status and interrelationship of plasma markers of oxidative stress, nitric oxide and thyroid hormones in thirty (17 males and 13 females) newly diagnosed patients with acute schizophrenia before initiation of chemotherapy. Twenty five (13 males and 12 females) mentally healthy individuals served as controls. Patients and controls with history of hard drugs (including alcohol and cigarette), pre-diagnosis medications (e.g. antiparkinsonian/antipsychotic drugs), chronic infections, liver disease and diabetes mellitus were excluded from the study. Plasma levels of total antioxidant potential (TAP), total plasma peroxides (TPP), nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), thyroxine (T4), tri-iodothyronine (T3) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were determined in all participants using spectrophotometric and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods respectively. Oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated as the percent ratio of total plasma peroxides and total antioxidant potential.FindingsSignificantly higher plasma levels of MDA (p < 0.01), TPP (p < 0.01), OSI (p < 0.01), T3 (p < 0.01) and T4 (p < 0.05) were observed in schizophrenics when compared with the controls. The mean levels of TAP, NO and TSH were significantly lower in schizophrenics (p < 0.01) when compared with the controls. The result shows that T3 values correlate significantly with MDA (p < 0.05) and TPP (p < 0.01) in schizophrenics.ConclusionsHigher level of TPP may enhance thyroid hormogenesis in schizophrenics. Adjuvant antioxidant therapy may be a novel approach in the treatment of schizophrenic patients.
The effects of pulmonary tuberculosis on nutritional and antioxidants status was determined in thirty-one patients attending Chest Clinic, Oyo State Hospital, Jericho, Ibadan Nigeria by assessing the levels of total protein, albumin, globulin, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, uric acid, vitamin C, vitamin E and total antioxidants. Thirty-four members of staff of State Hospital Adeoyo Ibadan, Nigeria were selected as controls. The mean levels of total protein (7.13+1.06g/dl), albumin (3.27+0.7g/dl), total cholesterol (100.7+23.6mg/dl), HDL cholesterol (28.6+7.2mg/dl), LDL cholesterol (65.5+15.1mg/dl) and triglycerides (61.6+16.2mg/dl) were significantly low while the level of globulin (3.9+0.84g/dl) was significantly high in pulmonary tuberculosis patients when compared with controls (total protein = 7.6+0.7g/dl; albumin = 4.2+0.48g/dl; total cholesterol = 163.2+40.1mg/dl; HDL cholesterol = 41.4+5.4mg/dl; LDL cholesterol = 107.8+27.5mg/dl; globulin= 3.4+0.6g/dl ). Levels of vitamin C (18.5+1.6mg/l), vitamin E (6.9+1.7mg/l) and total antioxidant (0.83+0.34mmol/l) were significantly lower while the level of uric acid (5.2+2.1mg/dl) was significantly higher in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis when compared with the controls (vitamin C = 23.1+2.3mg/l; vitamin E = 12.5+1.6mg/l; total antioxidant = 1.65+0.26mmol/l; uric acid = 4.3+1.2mg/dl respectively). Significantly lower levels of antioxidants might have been caused by endogenous uric acid production.
It could be concluded that hypothyroidism, hypercholesterolemia, oxidative stress and deranged inflammatory responses are possible features of pre-eclampsia.
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