This study aimed at finding out the influence of visualization on students’ reading comprehension ability. Quantitative approach was employed in carrying out this research. The data were collected through test as it was the main instrument of this study. The data analysis was carried out using manual statistics calculation to find out the mean score before and after the treatment. From the result, it was obtained that the most effect that visualization has is on the inferring; second, it is on details; then it is followed by main idea. The smallest influence is made on vocabulary. Thus, it can be concluded that visualization while reading can help students a lot in terms of inferring, details, and main idea.
AbstrakHakim memiliki peran strategis terhadap perlindungan nafkah 'iddah dan nafkah madhiah (nafkah masa lalu) pasca perceraian. Hal ini dikarenakan perempuan seringkali terabaikan nafkahnya pada saat masih berada dalam ikatan perkawinan. Sensitivitas hakim terhadap perempuan di persidangan sangat penting agar putusan bermanfaat dan mengakomodir hak isteri mendapatkan nafkah 'iddah dan nafkah madhiah pasca perceraian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sensitivitas hakim terhadap nafkah isteri pasca perceraian, peran hakim dalam merealisasikan nafkah isteri dan alasan hakim tidak memberikan nafkah isteri dalam putusan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian hukum yuridis empiris dengan lokasinya di Mahkamah Syar'iyah Meulaboh dan Mahkamah Syar'iyah Aceh Tamiang. Bahan hukum yang digunakan terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder dan bahan hukum tersier. Analisis data dilakukan secara kualitatif kemudian dideskripsikan secara sistematis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hakim memiliki sensitivitas perlindungan nafkah iddah dan madhiah pasca perceraian. Sensitivitas tersebut dinilai dengan dua indikator yaitu upaya hakim dalam merealisasikan nafkah dengan menggunakan hak ex officio (kewenangan karena jabatannya) meskipun tidak diminta oleh isteri dalam gugatannya dan perealisasian nafkah yang ditetapkan dalam putusan dengan menunda prosesi ikrar talak sebelum dilunasi nafkah baik nafkah iddah maupun nafkah madhiah dalam putusan. Peran hakim terhadap perlindungan nafkah isteri yaitu Memberikan Gambaran tentang Hak-Hak Perempuan, melakukan sosialisasi terhadap hak-hak isteri, alasan hakim tidak memberikan nafkah kepada isteri disebabkan oleh dua factor yaitu intetenal dan eksternal: factor internal disebabkan Perempuan Tidak Mengetahui haknya, hanya meminta surat cerai, Isteri Marah Berlebihan suaminya, biaya eksekusi mahal, Anggapan Materialistik, Isteri Ingin Hidup Bersama Bukan Uangnya. Faktor eksternal yaitu hakim bersifat pasif, biaya eksekusi mahal dan aturan hokum tidak memberi kewenangan menggunakan hak ex officio (kewenangan karena jabatan) bagi hakim untuk memberikan nafkah madhiah bagi isteri. Kata Kunci : Nafkah Madhiah, Sensitivitas & Gender. A. PendahuluanPerselisihan dalam rumah tangga yang berakhir dengan perceraian selalu menempatkan isteri sebagai pihak yang dirugikan. Terutama berkaitan dengan nafkah isteri yang ditinggal (nafkah madhiah) yang merupakan salah satu persoalan pasca perceraian di samping persoalan lain seperti penguasaan anak, nafkah anak, nafkah isteri 44| Gender Equality: International Journal of Child and Gender StudiesSensitivitas Hakim terhadap Perlindungan Nafkah Isteri pasca Perceraian
Movies have been everybody�s favorite across all ages. Some movies are not suitable for certain ages and the parents� assistance is needed during the watching movie process so that they can show the morals conceived in the movie. This study tries to shed lights on the elements contained in �a movie entitled �Sense and Sensibility�, �a movie made based on a novel by Jane Austen. This study was carried out in qualitative approach using visual feature analysis technique. The object of this study was the movie with the duration of 140 minutes. The data obtained were then classified based on its elements such as realism, local color, narratives, and symbolism. The result portrayed that the realism given in this movie is the condition of a noble family who had lost all of their wealth and life had been becoming crude. The local color depicts the social status in the mid-eighteenth century. The story was narrated in the linear plot and finally, the symbolism in this movie exposed much about the calming and melancholic nature of Devonshire.
This pre-experimental research was aimed to examine the influence of hypnoteaching method toward students’ reading motivation and achievement. The sample was 40 students with purposive sampling technique. Motivation for Reading Questionnaire (MRQ) and test were the research instruments to gain the data quantitatively. Motivation for Reading Questionnaire (MRQ) adopted from Wigfield and Guthrie (1997) to examine students’ reading motivation levels. For reading achievement, pre-test and post-test were distributed to assess the students’ reading outcome about Narrative Text before and after applying hypnoteaching method. The results of this research showed that the implementation of hypnoteaching method affected students reading motivation and learning outcome. The mean score of pre motivation for reading Questionnaire (MRQ) was 40.2 indicated poor reader and it raised to be 81.1 showing good reader after the implementation of hypnoteaching method. Furthermore, hypnoteaching method also affects English reading result which the mean of pre-test was 45.30 indicating poor score criterion of English subject, meanwhile, after being taught applying hypnoteaching method, the score inclined to 90.25 which asserted good score criterion of English subject. The value of t test was 14.88 from data of pre-test and post-test, however the value of t table was 1.99. It represented that the alternative hypothesis (H1) was accepted and revealed that hypnoteaching method can influence students’ reading achievement. Finally, it was suggested that English teacher should implement this method in teaching English for secondary school students and can be conducted for further research.
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