Most women have a concern toward their physical appearance. Therefore, they often compare their physical appearance, especially their body shape, with other women's body shapes which are more attractive. The purpose of this study was to examine the correlation between social comparison and body dissatisfaction among early adult women. Social comparison is the process of comparing oneself with others, whereas body dissatisfaction is the negative individual's feelings, thoughts, and evaluation toward her body shape. Social comparison and body dissatisfaction were measured using Body Comparison Scale (BCS) and Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ). The participants were 104 female students of Faculty of Psychology, University of Surabaya aged 18-25 years old. The result showed that social comparison was positively correlated with body dissatisfaction among early adult women (r= .636, p< .05). It means that the early adult women are more prone to experience higher body dissatisfaction if they more often compare their body shapes with more attractive women.

The use of social media is very popular among adolescents, particularly female adolescents. Social media applications that provide widespread opportunities to share photos with peers, celebrities, and families can impact the body image of adolescent girls. The aim of this study was to explore the use of social media and its impact on perceptions, cognitions, and emotions that underlie body image of adolescent girls. Furthermore, this study also explored specific behaviors as consequences of positive or negative body image of adolescent girls. The authors conducted focus group discussions on eleven first-and third-semester female students at a university in Surabaya. The results of this study showed that all participants used more than one social media application, including Line, Instagram, YouTube, WhatsApp, and Facebook. Activities these participants frequently engaged in, such as uploading photos, viewing other people's photos, following friends or Instagram celebrities (Insta-celebs), stimulated them to make upward appearance comparisons and more likely to cause negative body image, even though there were participants who still had positive body image. Media literacy, parental guidance, and self-appreciation are necessary to overcome this problem.

Body dissatisfaction is a negative evaluation of the body that occurs due to the difference between the real body size and shape and the ideal one. Many women are dissatisfied with their body shape, which can be caused by the physical changes in each developmental stages and the prevailing beauty standard. One criteria of a beautiful woman is slim body. Body Mass Index (BMI) is the most common standard to evaluate one’s body weight. One effort many women do to achieve the ideal body shape and weight is to exercise in fitness centre. This study was aimed to evaluate the differences in body dissatisfaction among women who were members of fitness centre in terms of the developmental stages and level of obesity. Subjects were 150 women who became a member of fitness centre "X". Researchers used Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) to measure the level of body dissatisfaction. The results of this study showed that there was a difference of body dissatisfaction among women who were members of fitness centre “X” in terms of developmental stages (chi square= 34.799, sig.= .000 (< .05)) and level of obesity (chi square= 32.134, sig.= .000 (< .05)). Highest level of body dissatisfaction was experienced by adolescent subjects, whereas the lowest one by middle adulthood subjects. Moreover, it was also found that subjects with obesity I and overweight experienced the highest level of body dissatisfaction.Abstrak: Body dissatisfaction adalah evaluasi negatif terhadap tubuh yang terjadi karena adanya perbedaan antara ukuran dan bentuk tubuh yang dimiliki saat ini dengan ukuran dan bentuk tubuh yang ideal. Banyak perempuan yang merasa tidak puas terhadap bentuk tubuh yang mereka miliki yang dapat disebabkan oleh perubahan fisik pada setiap tahap perkembangan dan standar kecantikan yang berlaku. Salah satu kriteria dari perempuan yang dianggap cantik adalah perempuan yang langsing. Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) merupakan standar yang paling umum untuk menilai berat badan seseorang. Salah satu usaha yang dilakukan banyak perempuan untuk mendapatkan bentuk tubuh dan berat badan yang ideal adalah berolahraga di fitness centre. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan body dissatisfaction pada perempuan anggota fitness centre ditinjau dari tingkat kegemukan dan tahapan perkembangan. Subjek penelitian adalah 150 perempuan yang menjadi anggota di pusat kebugaran ”X”. Peneliti menggunakan Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) untuk mengukur tingkat body dissatisfaction. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan body dissatisfaction pada perempuan anggota fitness centre ditinjau dari tahapan perkembangan (chi square= 34.799, sig.= .000 (< .05)) dan tingkat kegemukan (chi square= 32.134, sig.= .000 (< .05)). Body dissatisfaction tertinggi dialami oleh subjek penelitian remaja dan terendah oleh dewasa madya. Selain itu, ditemukan juga bahwa body dissatisfaction tertinggi dialami oleh subjek dengan tingkat kegemukan obesitas I dan overweight.

Risk-taking behavior refers to any kind of behaviors that put adolescents in a risky condition involving ethical, financial, health/safety, social, and recreational (Blais & Weber, 2006). The involvement of adolescents in risky behaviors can be influenced by personality factor, such as sensation-seeking, that is the adolescent’s need to seek for different, new, and complex sensations and experiences and willing to accept any risks to get such sensation (Zuckerman, 2007). The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between sensation seeking and risk-taking behavior among late adolescents in Universitas Surabaya. Participants in this study were male students of Universitas Surabaya aged 18-21 years (N=100). The result showed that there was positive correlation between sensation seeking and risk-taking behavior (r= .531, sig. < .01)among late adolescents in Universitas Surabaya.

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The ideal body image displayed in social media often makes women vulnerable to body image issues, one of which is body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). This study aims to examine the role of social media pressure in predicting the tendency towards such a disorder in emerging adult women, with each of the three dimensions of perfectionism as a mediator. The participants were 385 women aged 18-25 years who used social media and were selected using the convenience sampling technique. Data were collected using the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Screening Scale, Social Media Pressure Scale, Almost Perfect Scale-Revised (APS-R), and some open-ended questions distributed online through various social media. The BDD tendency model tested using structural equation modeling has a good fit with the data (χ2/df = .019, RMSEA = .001, CFI = 1.00) and shows that the role of social media pressure in women's BDD tendency was fully mediated through the discrepancy dimension of perfectionism. The findings indicate that a program is needed to develop media literacy and promote positive body images for women who use social media to prevent body image issues.

Currently, K-pop girl groups are some of the favorite celebrities who often become the ideal standard for young girls. K-pop girl figures are often displayed with ideal body standards, such as having a slim body, white skin, thin face, and high nose, thus making fans adore and want to have a physical appearance like their idol. This study aimed to examine the relationship between celebrity worship and body image among female adolescents who idolized K-pop girl groups. A sample of 414 female adolescents aged 18-22 years participated online in the current study by filling in the Celebrity Attitude Scale (CAS) and the Multidimensional Body-Self Relation Questionnaire-Appearance Scale (MBSRQ-AS). Results showed that the entertainment-social aspect of celebrity worship proved a significant positive correlation with the appearance orientation dimension of body image. In contrast, the borderline-pathological aspect had a significant negative correlation with the body areas satisfaction dimension. Nonetheless, the intense personal aspect of celebrity worship did not correlate significantly with all dimensions of body image among young girls fans of K-pop girl groups. Thus, each level of celebrity worship correlates differently with each dimension of body image. Entertainment-social is the most common celebrity worship among adolescent girls fans of K-pop girl groups and affects young girls' body image by increasing their attention to appearance.

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