A novel electrochemical cross-dehydrogenative C–S
bond coupling
of aryl thiols with 2H-indazole is reported. Thiol-functionalized
2H-indazoles were synthesized under catalyst-, oxidant-,
and metal-free conditions with innocuous hydrogen as the sole byproduct
at ambient temperature. Furthermore, continuous electrochemical flow
conditions using a graphite/Ni flow cell were used to obtained 3-(arylthio)-2H-indazole compounds on a gram scale within the residence
time of 39 min. Detailed mechanistic studies including control experiments
and cyclic voltammetry are provided to support the radical–radical
cross-coupling pathway.
This chapter presents a summary of long-term studies conducted in Iowa, USA to evaluate the effects of several land-use practices (tillage and crop rotation) and manure and N-management systems on subsurface hydrology (specifically, subsurface drain flow), non-point source pollution and crop yield.
Normal mode studies are reported for L-proline L-hdroxyproline, a fragment of collagen. A comparision of amide I mode in peptide with that in collagen shows the presence of such sequences in collagen. Other possible sequences show appreciable differences, and hence they are not likely to be present in large numbers.
Background: Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the important cereal crops of world. Its multiple uses in food industry made it most demanded crop, but the productivity in India is still low. Inclusion of legumes in the cropping system can help in restoring soil fertility in incredible ways hence, enhancing the crop productivity.
Methods: A field experiment was conducted at B. A. College of Agriculture, AAU, Anand during summer-kharif seasons of years 2017 and 2018 to examine the impact of legume crop residue and nitrogen levels on maize crop. Experiment comprised of three legume crops grown in summer season viz., green gram, groundnut and cluster bean, two residue management treatments viz., residue removal and incorporation and three nitrogen levels in kharif maize viz., 100%, 75% and 50% recommended dose of nitrogen. Result: Cluster bean-maize cropping system followed by groundnut-maize cropping system observed for the highest improvement in growth parameters, yield attribute and grain and straw yield. Residue incorporation of summer legumes and full dose of nitrogen in maize was found significant for increasing growth and yield parameters and grain yield of maize. Study indicate that residue incorporation had positive effects on maize growth and yield, however incorporation was not able to reduce the nitrogen requirement through chemical means.
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