No abstract

The aim of this study is to explore the possible pharmacological effects of fruit waste that may have a key role in converting the fruit waste into pharmaceutical agents. Citrus limetta (Rutaceae) is an important commercial citrus fruit crops used by juice processing industries. C. limetta peels are perishable waste material, which creates a big challenge in juice processing industries. Initial pharmaco‐chemical profile of peels' extracts revealed that the ethanol extract (ClPs) has promising anti‐inflammatory activity and rich in hesperidin content. In vivo experimental pharmacology profile of ClPs against arthritis and related complications revealed that oral administration of ClPs significantly reduced the arthritis score and arthritis index in elbow and knee joints against collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA) in rats. Biochemical parameters include pro‐inflammatory cytokines (TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IL‐17A), and C‐RP level in blood serum of CIA rats further confirmed the anti‐arthritic profile of ClPs. Further individual experiments related to arthritis‐related complications in experimental animals demonstrated the analgesic, anti‐inflammatory, and antipyretic potential of ClPs in dose‐dependent manner. The result of this study suggests the suitability of ClPs as a drug‐like candidate for further investigation toward the management of arthritis and related complications.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential effect of root extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra (IVT-21), isoliquiritigenin (ISL), and liquiritigenin (LTG) present in G. glabra root extract in in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity and we also investigate the effects of IVT-21 in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats. Primary peritoneal macrophage cells were used for check the anti-inflammatory effect of IVT-21. Apart from this Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) was developed in Wistar rats. Animals were orally treated with IVT-21 at dose rate of 30,100 and 300 mg /kg for 21 days. The chemical signature of IVT-21 using HPLC analysis showed the presence of ISL and LTG as the main active ingredients. Treatment of IVT-21, ISL and LTG were able to reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6) in LPS-induced inflammation in primary peritoneal macrophages. In-vivo experimental pharmacology profile of IVT-21 against rheumatoid arthritis revealed that oral administration of IVT-21 significantly reduced the arthritis index, arthritis score, inflammatory mediators level in CIA rat’s serum, and also reduced the NFкB-p65 expression as evidence of immunohistochemistry in knee joint tissue of CIA rats, reduce the inflammatory mediator's gene expression in a dose-dependent manner in paw tissue of CIA rats. Further, in in-vivo safety studies of IVT-21 was found to be safe in experimental animals up to 2,000 mg/kg dose. The result of this study suggests the suitability of IVT-21 as a drug-like candidate for further investigation in the management of inflammation and rheumatoid arthritis.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract