Alkynes are one of the most fundamental and diverse functional groups utilized in organic synthesis. Over the past few years, the development of efficient synthetic methodologies for the functionalization of alkynes has been an active area of research. A plethora of alkyne functionalization reactions have been reported in the literature to construct functionalized alkynes and alkene scaffolds, which are important building blocks in many natural products, pharmaceuticals, and key intermediates in various synthetic transformations. In this review, we describe the most recent advances in the functionalization of alkynes with an emphasis on substrate scope, limitations, regioselectivity control and applications of these reactions. This review covers the literature from 2016 to 2021.

Olefins are synthetically useful building blocks in modern organic synthesis. Direct functionalization of olefins; represent one of the most explored transformations in synthetic chemistry due to their easy availability and reactivity towards large number of reactants affording diverse range of organic compounds. In recent times, the development of new protocols for the functionalization of olefins is a growing realm. A plethora of olefin functionalization methodologies have been reported in the literature through ionic and free radical mechanisms including single electron transfer (SET) in the last two decades. This review gives an overview of mono-and difunctionalization of unactivated olefins, with an emphasis on the mechanistic details. Functionalization of Unactivated Olefins via Visible-Light Photocatalysis Iridium Photo-Catalyzed Reactions CarbofunctionalizationGlorius and co-workers reported an efficient visible-light mediated three component dicarbofunctionalization of olefins 2 using simple benzylic Katritzky salts 1 as radical precursors (Scheme 1). [8] In this protocol, abundant styrenes, electron-rich heterocycles, and benzylic amines were successfully employed to afford a number of densely functionalized 1,1-diarylalkanes. The optimal reaction conditions for this reaction are [Ir-(dtbbpy)(ppy) 2 ](PF 6 ) (1 mol%) as the photocatalyst in MeCN under irradiation with visible light for 16 h. Under the optimum [a

Heterocyclic compounds are widely present in the core structures of several natural products, pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals thus great efforts have been ascribed for their synthesis in a mild and simpler...

Heterocycles and carbocyclic cores are ubiquitous scaffolds in organic molecules and important components of many natural products, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and organic materials. Thus, developing efficient synthetic methodologies for the easy generation of carbo-and heterocycles is an important goal in synthetic chemistry. This review is mainly focused on the recent developments in the synthesis of various carbo-and heterocyclic compounds via palladium catalyzed/norbornene mediated cascade process triggered by ortho CÀ H alkylation, amination or arylation of aryl iodides and covers the literature from 2010-2021.

Olefins are low-cost starting materials that may be obtained in bulk quantities from petrochemical feedstocks and renewable resources. The transition metal-catalyzed unactivated olefin functionalization is well explored and received an extensive interest from synthetic chemists. In recent times, chemists have successfully employed different transition metals for the functionalization of unactivated olefins. Among the different transition metals that have been used, cobalt catalysts have received great attention from synthetic chemists for CÀ H functionalization reactions, owing to their ready availability and high reactivity. Herein, we discuss the most recent reports in the field of cobaltcatalyzed functionalization of unactivated olefins that enable CÀ C, CÀ X and CÀ hetero bond formation and covers the literature from 2016 to 2021.