ALTHOUGH a n appreciable amount of research has been directed towards the study of the Cl. zvelchii group, the problem of the protection afforded by some antitoxic sera against certain toxins of other members of t h e group has not yet been adequately explained. I n 1928 Dalling (wide Mason Ross and Dalling 1931) stated that lamb dysentery antitoxic sera neutralised the toxin of Cl. welchii, but that the reverse did not hold good. Weinberg and Ginsbourg (1927) found however that perfringens (GI. welchii) antitoxic serum protected against the organism isolated by Dalling, the lamb dysentery bacillus-now termed Cl. welchii (type agni). In 1930 McEwen described a new strain of GI. welchii isolated from sheep and named it " B . paludis" : he stated that paludis anti-serum was not capable of neutralising the toxin of C1. welchii. Mason Ross and Dalling (1931) found however that " B . paludis antitoxin and lamb dysentery antitoxin neutralised the toxins of CZ. welchii, B. paludis and the lamb dysentery bacillus." The results of some of * A. T. Glenny and M. Barr are responsible for the planning and arrangement of the work and for the preparation of the antitoxins, M. Llewellyn-Jones for the majority of the animal tests and T. Dalling and H. Ross for the purity of the cultures and the preparation of the toxins.
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