Background: Migraine is a common neurological disorder associated with periodical disability and impaired quality of life. Recent large epidemiological studies have shown high levels of concurrency between fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) and migraine. Objectives: Due to the possible relationship between migraine and FMS, we aimed to measure the effect of FMS on the severity of migraine without aura (MWO). Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 80 patients with MWO who were referred to Isfahan Al-Zahra Clinic of Neurology. To monitor the patients, the researcher asked them to complete the demographic data and questionnaires, including FSQ-P for diagnosis FMS, HIT-6 for the severity of migraine headache, and MSQ for measuring the quality of life, with their written consent. Results: Of 80 patients with MWO, 22.5% suffered from FMS. Based on our study, elderly patients with MWO were more likely to be affected by FMS. Additionally, the average quality of life score in the migraineurs with FMS was significantly lower than the migraineurs without FMS. According to our findings, the severity of migraine was not significantly different between patients with and without FMS. In addition, age (OR = 1.1, 95% CI = 1.006-1.2, P < 0.001] and quality of life (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.002 - 1.07, P = 0.04) were the predictive factors for FMS in patients suffering from migraine. Conclusions: The findings of this study may support that the presence of FMS had no effect on the severity of migraine; however, further studies are needed to clarify this claim.
Uncontrollable proliferation is a hallmark of cancer cells. Cell proliferation and migration are significantly depressed during hibernation state. Many studies believe some factors in the plasma of hibernating animals cause these effects. This study aimed to assess the anti-cancer effects of hibernating common carp (Cyprinus carpio) plasma on 4T1 cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. The effect of hibernating plasma on cell viability, morphology, migration, apoptosis rate, and cell cycle distribution of 4T1 cells was investigated in vitro and in vivo. Hibernating plasma at a concentration of 16 mg/ml significantly reduced the viability of 4T1 cancer cells, without any toxicity on L929 normal fibroblast cells. It could change the morphology of cancer cells, induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, and inhibited migration. Furthermore, intratumoral injection of hibernating plasma (200 µl, 16 mg/ml) in the tumor-bearing mice caused a significant inhibition of 4T1 breast tumors volume (46.9%) and weight (58.8%) compared with controls. A significant decrease in the number of metastatic colonies at the lungs (80%) and liver (52.8%) of hibernating plasma-treated animals was detected which increased the survival time (21.9%) compared to the control groups. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed a considerable reduction in the Ki-67-positive cells in the tumor section of the hibernating plasma-treated animals compared with controls. Taken together, the SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry analysis indicated the alpha-2-macroglobulin level in the hibernating fish plasma was significantly increased. It could exert an anti-cancer effect on breast cancer cells and suggested as a novel cancer treatment strategy.
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