Akbarzadeh (2019) The effect of chrysin-curcumin-loaded nanofibres on the wound-healing process in male rats ,

Graphical abstract

Wound healing is an inflammatory process. Chrysin, a natural flavonoid found in honey, has been recently investigated to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. In this work, the effects of chrysin-loaded nanofiber on the expressions of genes that are related to wound healing process such as P53, TIMPs, MMPs, iNOS, and IL-6 in an animal model study were evaluated. The electrospinning method was used for preparation the different concentrations of chrysin-loaded PCL-PEG nanofiber (5%, 10%, and 20% [w/w]) and characterized by FTIR and SEM. The wound healing effects of chrysin-loaded PCL-PEG nanofiber were in vivo investigated in rats, and the expressions of genes related to wound healing process were evaluated by real-time PCR. The study results showed chrysin-loaded PLC-PEG compared to chrysin ointment and control groups significantly increase IL-6, MMP-2, MMP-8, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 (p < .05). On the other hand, nanofibers containing chrysin significantly decreased p53 and iNOS expression compared to chrysin ointment and control groups (p < .05). According to the results, chrysin-loaded PCL-PEG-PCL nanofibers have positive effects on the expression of the genes that have pivotal role in wound healing.

Despite the advances in medicine, cancer remains as one of the leading causes of the death worldwide. Through our previous study, the Chrysin loaded PGLA/PEG has been synthesized, and its physico-chemical properties were characterized. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the Chrysin loaded PGLA/PEG nanoparticle therapeutic effects on TIMP-1, TIMP-2, MMP-2, MMP-9 and PI3k expression in Mouse 4T1 breast tumor model.30 mice were enrolled in the current study, and the mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: untreated (n=10), Chrysin treatment (n=10) and Chrysin-loaded PLGA/PEG-based treatment (n=10). 104T1 mammary carcinoma cells subcutaneously inoculated in the flank on mice orthotopically. After the treatments, the primary tumors were isolated from the Mice under anesthesia. For RNA extraction, the isolated tissues were frozen in -70°C. RNA extraction was performed by using RNA extraction kit. The expression of TIMP-1, TIMP-2, MMP-2 and MMP-9 were measured by the real time PCR.The study results showed the expression of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in Chrysin-loaded PLGA/PEG treatment groups was higher than Chrysin receiving one. Also, the results showed that the MMP-9 and MMP-2 expressions were reduced after Chrysin loaded PLGA/PEG treatment. The reduction of the mentioned genes was greater in Chrysin-loaded PLGA/PEG treatment group in comparison with Chrysin receiving group.According to our present study, expression of the mentioned genes after treatments, Chrysin; especially, Chrysin-loaded PLGA/PEG could be proposed as a new component in the cancer therapy for reducing the progression and metastasis.

Peripheral nerve injuries with a poor prognosis are common. Evening primrose oil (EPO) has beneficial biological effects and immunomodulatory properties. Since electrical activity plays a major role in neural regeneration, the present study investigated the effects of electrical stimulation (ES), combined with evening primrose oil (EPO), on sciatic nerve function after a crush injury in rats. In anesthetized rats, the sciatic nerve was crushed using small haemostatic forceps followed by ES and/or EPO treatment for 4 weeks. Functional recovery of the sciatic nerve was assessed using the sciatic functional index. Histopathological changes of gastrocnemius muscle atrophy were investigated by light microscopy. Electrophysiological changes were assessed by the nerve conduction velocity of sciatic nerves. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the remyelination of the sciatic nerve following the interventions. EPO + ES, EPO, and ES obviously improved sciatic nerve function assessed by the sciatic functional index and nerve conduction velocity of the sciatic nerve at 28 days after operation. Expression of the peripheral nerve remyelination marker, protein zero (P0), was increased in the treatment groups at 28 days after operation. Muscle atrophy severity was decreased significantly while the nerve conduction velocity was increased significantly in rats with sciatic nerve injury in the injury + EPO + ES group than in the EPO or ES group. Totally speaking, the combined use of EPO and ES may produce an improving effect on the function of sciatic nerves injured by a crush. The increased expression of P0 may have contributed to improving the functional effects of combination therapy with EPO and ES as well as the electrophysiological and histopathological features of the injured peripheral nerve.

Affinity-purified antibodies to morphine (mixture of homeopathic dilutions C30+C200) produced an antitussive effect on male and female guinea pigs with cough induced by citric acid and capsaicin.

Innate immune receptors detect nucleic acids, such as viruses, and initiate an immune response by secreting interferon (IFN) and regulating IFN-stimulated genes (ISG). in autoimmune conditions, expression of ISGs funded, show the activation of nucleic acid sensory pathways. However, the nucleus-localized innate sensors are recently found to detect pathogenic nucleic acids for initiating innate response, demonstrating a complicated crosstalk with cytoplasmic sensors and signaling molecules to form an elaborate tiered innate signaling network between nucleus and cytoplasm. to sustain immune hemostasis, these innate immune sensors develop different strategies for discriminating between self or non-self-nucleic acid. We reviewed all the sensors involved in the innate immune system in the present study. A better understanding of these sensors can lead to new treatments for infections, cancer, and autoimmune and inflammatory disorders.

Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is characterized by excessive accumulation of lymphoblast and progenitors. Leukemia is the most common cancer in children and ALL is the most common subtype. Many studies have shown that the YKL-40 gene is one of the most widely expressed genes in tumors, including leukemia, but not in healthy blood cells. Clinical studies have shown that serum YKL-40 levels have a positive correlation with tumor expansion, in addition to being a prognostic agent independent of a short relapse-free interval, as well as a brief overall survival in patients with various cancers. The previous study shows that YKL-40 is closely related to the degree of pathology or degree of human leukemia pathology and plays an important role in cell proliferation. Hence, the YKL-40 can be an attractive target in designing anticancer therapies. Methods: CCRF-CEM cells were treated with resveratrol and prednisolone. For analysis of YKL-40 expression changes under medication, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot techniques were used at resonating intervals of 24 and 48 hours. Results: The effect of 15, 50, and 100 μM resveratrol and 700 μM of prednisolone on CCRF-CEM cells reduced YKL-40. The YKL-40 gene was quantitatively measured using RT-PCR. The Western blot method was used to evaluate changes in the expression of YKL-40 protein. Conclusion: In this study, we first evaluated YKL-40 expression and resveratrol and prednisolone effect on YKL-40 in ALL. This finding supports the idea of targeting YKL-40 as a new drug treatment of ALL and extends the use of resveratrol in antileukemia research. K E Y W O R D S acute lymphoblastic leukemia, gene expression, prednisolone, resveratrol, YKL-40 gene