The biosynthesis of materials using medicinal plants can be a low-cost and eco-friendly approach due to their extraordinary properties. Herein, we reported a facile synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles using Malva sylvestris. The surface morphology, functional groups, and elemental analysis were done to characterize the synthesized nanoparticles. The cytotoxicity performance of the synthesized nanoparticles was analyzed by exposing nanoparticles to MCF-7 and Hep-G2 cancer cell lines through MTT colorimetric assay and the IC50 value was defined as 100 μg/mL and 200 μg/mL, respectively. The antibacterial performance of synthesized nanoparticles against four different bacterial strains including Staphylococcus aureus, Corynebacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae were assessed through microdilution broth method. The synthesized Fe3O4 nanoparticles using Malva sylvestris demonstrated higher antibacterial effects against Gram-positive strains with MIC values of 62.5 μg/mL and 125 μg/mL which increase the inhibitory percentage to more than 90%.
Purpose
To cross-culturally adapt the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool into modern standard Arabic and to assess its psychometric properties.
Method
Cross-cultural adaptation followed a combination of guidelines and for psychometric evaluation a sample of 107 athletes as recruited. All recommended measurement properties by the Consensus-based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement Instruments were evaluated, including face, structural, convergent, and discriminant validity; reproducibility; distribution-based responsiveness, and interpretability. We also used a structured content analytic method to evaluate content validity.
Results
The tool presented excellent internal consistency (α = 0.92) and reliability (ICC 0.75–0.98), and good convergent validity compared with Lower Extremity Functional Scale (ρ = 0.67). For reproducibility testing: Minimal detectable change ranged from 0.41 to 6.0 points; for responsiveness assessment: the effect sizes were large (Glass’
Δ
range 2.03–2.08, Cohen’s
d
range 2.22 to 2.53) and the Area under the Curve was 0.869. Its unidimensionality was proved by a 1-factor solution explaining 63.8% of the variance.
Conclusion
The Arabic version of Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool presented acceptable psychometric properties comparable to the original version. The questionnaire is understood across most of the Arabic speaking world and can be used in research and clinical practice to assess patients suffering from chronic ankle instability.
Background
Persisting reductions in ankle dorsiflexion range of motion are commonly encountered clinically and seen to be associated with adverse outcomes after ankle and other lower extremity injuries. Accordingly improving identified deficits is a common goal for rehabilitation; however, little data exists documenting any improvement related to interventions in these patients.
Purpose
To document the change in dorsiflexion range of motion after stretching and mobilization-with-movement and exercise and a novel manipulation intervention in a population of injured athletes.
Design
Case series in 38 consecutive injured athletes with persisting reductions in ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (42 “stiff” ankles, 34 uninjured) in an outpatient sports physiotherapy clinic.
Method
During a single treatment session, two baseline measurements of weight-bearing dorsiflexion were taken at the start of the session to establish reliability and minimum detectable change, and then the same measures were performed after stretching and a mobilization-with-movement intervention, and again after clinical exercise and a novel manipulation which was applied on both ankles.
Results
Excellent reliability was demonstrated (ICC
2,1
>0.93, MDC=3.5°) for the dorsiflexion measure. Statistically significant (p<0.01), but clinically meaningless improvements were seen after stretching and the mobilization-with-movement intervention on the injured and uninjured legs (1.9° and 1.4° respectively) with greater improvements seen after exercise and the subsequent manipulation (6.9° and 4.7°).
Conclusions
The relatively simple clinical exercise and manipulation intervention program was associated improvement in dorsiflexion range of motion in this cohort with persisting ankle stiffness. The interventions described largely restored range of motion consistent with baseline levels of the uninjured ankles. Improvements were also seen in the uninjured ankles following intervention.
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