Purpose The purpose of this study is to describe cosmetics purchase behavior of young, educated Muslim females in Malaysia and to explore its relationship with certain potential antecedents. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a survey on a sample of female consumers from four higher education institutions in the urban area of Bangi Selangor, Malaysia. From their respective institutions, 150 respondents were selected through the purposive sampling method. Self-administered questionnaire has been used to gather information from the respondents. The survey data were analyzed using descriptive, t-test and correlation analyses to accomplish the study objectives. Findings The study indicates that millennial Muslim cosmetic purchase behavior falls under the “Limited Decision Making” classification. The classification is due to the pattern of pro-active behaviors exhibit through the information search for details about ingredients, halal clue, countries of origin, health safety guarantee and the benefits of the cosmetic products. Young, educated female consumers adore branded cosmetic items and show willingness to accept higher prices for the branded items. Despite brand consciousness, they demonstrate a relatively high concern on the halalness of the product. Based on the correlation analysis, all variables were found to be significant and the most significant of them was brand. Research limitations/implications Millennial consumers are information technology savvy and have access to vast information about products. As a result, the findings reiterate that millennial consumers demonstrate different purchase behavior, which is worth exploring by future researchers. In addition, other latent antecedents such as religiosity and world view are worth including in future studies. Practical implications Cosmetic manufacturers and marketers must ensure that their products signal positive images to fit the expectations of young and educated Muslim consumers. Although brand conscious, such consumers demonstrate prudent behavior in terms of searching for halalan and toyyiban products. Originality/value This study adds value in the area of halal product marketing because of two unique focuses. First, it examines the purchase of cosmetic products, which are relatively understudied compared to halal food. Second, it considers the perspectives of educated Muslim millennials, who are expected to demonstrate more specific purchase behaviors than a generalized millennial group. Therefore, the originality of this study revolves around the consideration of these two aspects, which are relevant to contemporary business marketing discussions.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine potential determinants of halal perception and to validate the mediating model of halal perception on purchasing decision of Malaysian consumers. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a survey to obtain the relevant data. The survey involved self-administration of questionnaires to 420 consumers and 96 per cent responded. The questionnaire consists of four sections designed to obtain information on demography, halal perception, determinants of halal perception and purchase decision. Findings The main finding reiterates the role of credible signals in credence items purchased as suggested by the signaling theory. Halal perception has association with respondents’ purchase decision. Thus, it highlights that halal perception is the mediating variable that intervenes in the relationship of a few independent variables and the purchase decision trends. The independent variables such as manufacturer identity, product label, physical product and packaging as well country of origin are considered to be important extrinsic cues that deliver messages regarding the halal of certain food products. The association of the four variables with halal perception is also found to be significant. Originality/value The originality of this study lies in its attempt to explore the role of halal perception in the marketing of food products especially within the scope of a Muslim’s market. Besides, this study attempts to investigate the halal issue based on a specific model that includes potential variables and the intervening role of halal perception.

The present study examines the effects of organisational learning and work environment on the formation of employees' innovative work behaviour. A stratified sampling technique was used for the sample of employees at micro and small-scale manufacturing enterprises located in selected cities of the East Coast Economic Region, Peninsular Malaysia. The authors' analysis revealed innovative work behaviour of micro and small manufacturing enterprises at a moderate level. Moreover, the innovative work behaviour at micro-enterprises is significantly lower than small enterprises. The innovation outputs are made up of employees with high innovative work behaviour. Overall, statistical evidence indicated that organisational learning and work environment have a significant influence on the formation of innovative work behaviour. Thus, the micro-small-sized enterprises should raise their employees' innovative work behaviour in order to improve the performance of organisational innovation and competitiveness. Empirical evidence has shown that employees' engagement in innovation is an effective resource for micro-small-sized enterprises to be more innovative.

Tourism destination has seen as a consolidation of products and experience which influencing tourists to travel. Even though there are many studies in various aspects of tourism destination, the shift of “mass tourism” to “alternative tourism”, the changes of tourist tastes as well as an increasing of travel capabilities, have called for a tourism destination to be more creative in offering niche tourism or more importantly, “Tourist Friendly Destination”. Since there are no specific theories, concepts, frameworks and indicators in tourist friendly destination usage, thus leaving a gap of knowledge and misunderstanding about the formation of tourist friendly destination. Therefore, the aim of this study is to develop a tourist friendly destination concept by using a tourism system approached. The main objective of this study is to identify the roles of tourism system, which influence of the element of activity, product and space towards the development of tourist friendly destination concept. Through this study, it is an attempt to provide a relevant tourist friendly destination concept and to be as a benchmark for tourism destination, which using this concept

A tourist friendly destination is a concept that gives satisfaction to tourists through contact and the maximum utilization dimensions of space, activities, and products; without any interruptions or problems. Accordingly, this study aims to describe the tourism policy and strategies in national and state contexts, to determine the inherent direction and prospects or potential in the tourism development of Kuala Lumpur as a tourist-friendly destination. The results show that some aspects need to be emphasized and have similarities in each of policies and strategies at the national and state level. This shows that policies made at national level could be followed at state level, so that each line of tourism development planning should be as planned. However, there is currently no planning policy at a national level, only at a state level. This shows that the policy at state level will continue with added value, made from reforms in accordance with the current situation and the existing physical characteristics, not run away with the principle of a planned policy at national level. Accordingly, in Kuala Lumpur, no problems or obstacles exist to planned, managed and developed, through the concept of being a Tourist Friendly City, where it is in line with the requirements of tourism development policies and strategies of national and state levels.