Background and Objective: Despite that inherited (thalassemia and SCA) and infectious (hepatitis B, hepatitis C and AIDs) diseases and their risk factor consanguineous marriage are widespread among Yemen population, community-based awareness studies towards premarital screening (PMS) is extremely limited, so our study is designed to elicit knowledge and attitude of engaged and recently married couples in Taiz (Yemen) toward PMS. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from April to September 2021 at Taiz. A well-structured questionnaire was designed and then delivered to participants to collect data. Results: The results revealed that majority of respondents (83.60%-94.18%) had knowledge about inherited and infectious diseases, respectively, and educational institution was the main knowledge source. Females had significantly higher knowledge than males ( P ≤ .01), except about AIDs since no difference ( P = .539). The results also revealed that majority of respondents had positive attitudes toward PMS, except toward AIDs testing since 70% of males and 68.91% of females had negative attitudes. The majority of respondents agreed that screening reduces the diseases incidence. Approximately half of respondents (50.79%-56.61%) tend to go ahead for marriage in case of positive results for inherited and infectious diseases respectively. Making PMS as an obligatory step prior engagement was agreed by 47.62% of respondents (45.71% of males, 48.74% of females). Conclusion: A high level of knowledge and positive attitudes toward inherited and infectious diseases and PMS were reported. This knowledge reflected on the agreement of majority of respondents regarding PMS importance in term of reduction of diseases incidence.
The article presented a way to increase the efficiency of hiding information by relying on the leaves of the cucumber plant and using it as a cover to hide the information after applying a set of digital image processing techniques to this image. As for the text to be hidden, the text is initially encrypted based on an innovative cryptographic algorithm, three criteria were used to measure The efficiency of the algorithm is psnr, mse, rmse.
The Braille system is a widely used method by the blind to read and write. Information technology revolution is changing the way Braille reading and writing, making it easier to use. All kinds of materials can be put into Braille representation, such as bank statements, bus ticket, maps, and music note.
In this paper, an artificial neural networks are designed to identify the number's image from (0-9) in Braille representation system. Networks will be trained and tested to be used for identify the scanned English number in Braille representation system. Some of the numbers are noised with some type of noise to simulate somehow the real world environment.
According to the experiment the result of the identification of number that written in Braille representation using Artificial Neural Networks the training accuracy was 97.1% and testing accuracy was 85%.
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