Landfills are a significant source of greenhouse gases, which contribute to the process of global warming. In the region covered by the Gulf Co-operation Council (GCC), changes in consumption patterns have led to an excessive dump of municipal solid waste (MSW). Thus, it is clearly an important time to re-evaluate conventional waste management protocols in order to establish methods that not only deal with increased demand but also minimize greenhouse gas emissions and improve efficiency of resource management, in general. Here, I advocate the use of a new hierarchy in integrated municipal solid waste schemes, with the aim of designing more eco-friendly management plans for use in GCC states.

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With the emerging importance of balancing environmental, social, and economic objectives within a company setting, growing awareness of planning of supply chains and sustainable optimal design has been brought into perspective. An immense amount of research has been devoted to this sector, in hopes of capturing these objectives to ensure long term sustainability. Among some of the approaches that have been developed, product design, inventory management, product recovery, production planning with an emphasis on remanufacturing, reverse logistics, and supply chains that are closed-looped have been given additional attention in various pieces of literature.We will review and analyze some of the research that has surfaced in regards to sustainable chemical processes along with supply chain design. Focus will be given to three main areas, (i) waste management and energy sufficient sustainable supply chains, (ii) sustainable supply chains and their effect on the environment, (iii) sustainable water management principals. The challenges that these three sectors face have been summarized, and all future opportunities have been highlighted.Environmental sustainability is an issue that receives a lot of attention in the press, journals, and media. Most of the discussions surrounding this debate focus on the environmental impacts that organizational supply chains have on the environment. The goal of this paper is to further investigate the environmental impact concerns, and how these concerns are impacting the operational and strategic management of company supply chains. The research we have complied is intended to give an overview of the practices that companies have adopted and to clarify that further research is still in the midst of being conducted.

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Climate change is a problem that many municipalities in the world are facing today. Due to the fragile ecosystem, and harsh climates that are experienced by the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, the region has become vulnerable to a wide variety of ecosystem and climate change issues. Aside from the climate affecting the area severely, its dependence on hydrocarbons, also makes it vulnerable to climate changes. There are climate change policies adopted by the GCC region for prosperous future and sustainability. These include, policies to affect impacts of energy and carbon intensities, response measures being adopted for climate change, the mitigation potentials of the region, along with the suitability of the markets to harness potentials. This analysis focuses on utilizing Marginal Abatement Cost curves, along with econometric techniques that will assess the emissions of Green House Gases (GHGs), the potential for mitigation in the GCC region, and computable general equilibriums that invest the impacts of measures, exploring suitability of instruments that can help to harness the potential mitigation measures for the region. Main policy insights that can be concluded based on the analysis is the role that incentives play to help promote energy efficient mechanics, while reducing emissions of carbon emissions within the region, contributions made to climate policies for air quality, along with the roles that green tax reforms play to help improve the economics of welfare, while pursuing carbon policies for the domestic areas in the region.Globally, there are a lot of energy efficiency policies. The GCC has been witnessing a phenomenal amount of growth when it comes to meeting the needs of domestic households. The region is facing extreme demographic pressure, and as a result has decided to accelerate energy intensive drives. The requirements that the GCC has to meet is causing trade-offs and challenging implications regarding allocation and development of hydrocarbon resources to adhere to domestic and export demands.In conclusion, four issues that have arisen within the GCC in relations to climate change policies have been addressed in this paper. These issues include the rising amounts of energy and carbon intensities, the impacts that the response measures that are being implemented by developed countries have on developing countries, as well as the mitigation potentials that exist within the region, as a method to harness the potentials that are available. Energy efficiency is believed to be a primary candidate to deal with the challenges the GCC is facing. Detailed assessments regarding energy efficiency for the GCC economies is addressed, along with how these intensities relate to outside world economies.

The research discussed in this paper is intended to shed some light on the potential that exists when concentrating technology of solar thermal energy for use in Gulf Cooperation Council Countries, or most commonly referred to as GCC. The research provides the opportunity to study the technologies related to the concentration of solar power technologies along with water desalination demands and fresh water availability, which in turn leads to the jeoparadization of water resources that are derived from the ground. Desalination plants that are solar powered, within the Gulf Cooperation Council countries comprise of Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Oman, UAE, and Bahrain. The study recognizes that a political structure is required for introducing the premier foundation of solar power and desalination as well as ensuring comprehension of the proposal.The study evaluates solar energy accessible resources and the costs of integrating this alternative energy source, desalination of water, long standing scenarios of integrating power production technologies into the water sectors, and quantifying the socio-economic and environmental impacts of this alternative energy notion.

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