Echinochloa crus-galli is an important weed in rice paddies. The optimum cultural and physical conditions for production of Curvularia prasadii (CP01, CP02, and CP03 isolates), a biocontrol agent for the rice weed, E. crus-galli, were determined. Culture media, light regime, pH, incubation temperature, and aeration were tested for their effect on the mycelial growth and spore production of the fungal biocontrol agent. Showed to be the best medium for the linear growth of the three isolates of the fungus was malt extract agar (MEA). Maximum yield of spores of the three isolates was obtained on potato dextrose agar (PDA). Contentious darkness was the most suitable light regime for the mycelial growth and sporulation of the CP01 and CP02 isolates, while contentious or diurnal light were best for CP03 growth. However, all degrees light regime were sutable for the spore production of the isolate CP03, with no significant differences among them. The pH levels of 6, 7, and 8 induced the highest mycelial growth of the three isolates. However, the latter two pH levels (7 & 8) were best for the sporulation of all three isolate. The best mycelial growth was obtained at incubation temperature of 30°C (for CP01 and CP03) and 35°C (for CP02). For spore production, the optimum level of temperature for isolates CP01 and CP02 was 35°C, while it was 30°C for CP03. Aeration level (as negatively correlated with the number of Parafilm ® layers around the culture plate edge) was also tested. There was no effect of the number of Parafilm ® layers (aeration level) on the CP02 mycelial growth. However, two layers of sealing culture plates with Parafilm ® provided optimum level of aeration for best mycelial growth for isolates CP02 and CP03 and highest spore production for all three isolates.

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M2 cotton seeds of mosaic leaves mutants (MC2 and MC3) plants were used to obtain M3 plants for study the productivity and technological characters. The MC2 mutant was obtained after exposure of dry seeds to 10 K rad gamma rays from Co 60 source ,while MC3 mutant was obtained after 24 hrs treatment with 0.03% colchicine solution .This study was carried out according to randomize complete block design (RCBD) during the summer of 2005.The results showed significant differences among the mutants and control plants in : seed cotton yield/plant, maximum lint length, active lint length, fineness of lint, maturity of lint and lint strength and index while there were on significant differences among the plants in : ginning out-turn and seeds index. MC2 mutant showed superiority on MC3 mutant and control plants especially in : maximum and active lint length, lint strength and index.

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Homogenized healthy seeds of Triticum aestivum L .Abo-Greab-3-cultivar were used to study the possibility of using a mixture of two protein synthesis inhibitors in Eukaryote and Prokaryote (cycloheximide and chloramphenicol)to increase cold and freezing tolerance of wheat. The study was designed as (3x3x3) Factorial experiment and carried-out with three replicates according to randomize complete block design (RCBD). The first factor was represented by the temperature which comprised 20,o,-5 C 0 • The second factor was the concentration of the antibiotics mixture (cycloheximide chloramphenicol) which comprised 0:0,50}1g/mL:50 }lg/mL and 100 }lg/mL: 100 }lglmL. The third factor was the treatment periods which were 0, 12,and 24 hours. Different degrees of temperature showed significant effects at 0.05 level of significance in: plant height, nu .of tillers I plant ,nu. of spikes /plant ,length and weight of spikes and weight of 1000 grains. Different concenterations of cycloheximide and chloramphenicol mixture showed significant effects in :nu .of tillers /plant ,nu. of spikes/ plant ,weight of spikes ,nu. of grains /spikes and 1000 grains weight .Treatment periods showed significant effects in all studied parameters except in fresh and dry gluten. All the interactions among the studied factors were significant.

Study a new film prepared via casting a mixture of aqueous solutions consists of Orange IV and Indigo Carmine dyes embedded poly (vinyl alcohol) for dose monitoring. The prepared film may be beneficial in low and moderate dose monitor range from 0 to 60 kGy. The film undergoes an obvious color change from green to red color on exposure to gamma photons nominated it to be used as label dosimeter. The range of response curve in the target film depends on the concentration of the added chloral hydrate. The film shows good stability pre and after irradiation. There is no effect of humidity in the range of (10-70 % RH). The overall combined uncertainty measured is 6.32%.