Objective: To list, describe and classify the extant trauma scoring systems found in the English language literature from the vantage of utility to emergency medicine. Each system is illustrated by a table and a hypothetical case study. Data Sources: Medline citations provided the data. The systems are classified as physiological, anatomical and combined trauma scoring systems. Results: We reviewed the Glasgow Coma Scale, the Paediatric Glasgow Coma Scale, the Trauma Score and Revised Trauma Score, the Circulation, Respiration, Abdominal/Thoracic, Motor and Speech Scale, the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation System, Abbreviated Injury Scale, the Injury Severity Score, the Anatomical Profile, A Severity Characterization of Trauma, Revised Trauma Score and Injury Severity Score and its revisions, the Paediatric Trauma Score and the Drug‐Rock Injury Severity Score. Conclusions: This compendium should help emergency physicians become familiar with trauma scoring systems which evaluate the extent and severity of injuries, facilitate inter‐institutional comparisons and facilitate trauma research.
Abstracts: 11th World Congress, Osaka, Japan S79 with 42 femoral and 11 tibial fractures were treated with either reamed intramedullary nailing (Group R, n = 28) or with unreamed nailing (Group NR, n = 20) within three days of their injuries. The mean value for age was 27.4 years (range, 16 to 63 years). In Group R, 28 femoral and four tibial fractures, reaming was performed up to 12.5 mm, and a 9-11 mm nail was inserted. In Group NR, 14 femur and 7 tibial fractures, a 9-10 mm nail was inserted without reaming. BAL was performed within 24 hours postoperatively with the standard procedure, in which sterile normal solution is instilled in 20 mL aliquots for a total of 100 ml, and immediately aspirated manually with a syringe. The cells contained in the lavage fluid were counted on uncentrifuged specimens by using a hemocytometer. The fluid then was centrifuged (1,500 rpm, 5 minutes), and differential cell counts were performed on a preparation that was stained with Wright-Giemsa stain. The percentage of lavage cells containing red or brown-red fat droplets (lipidladen cells) was calculated after examination of at least 200 cells on the slides stained with Sudan III, and the findings for two groups were compared. Results: The average age, ISS, and fracture index (Fl) were 28.1 ±12.4 years, 15.2 ±9.3, and 5.4 ±2.4 in Group R; and 26.3 ±11.7 years, 14.5 ±6.4, and 4.7±3.2 in Group NR, respectively. There were no significant differences between two groups. The mean percentage of lipid-laden cells in BAL fluid was 33.6 ±25.8% (range, 2 -89%) for Group R and 36.6 ±21.3 % (range, 2-70%) in Group NR. This difference also was not significant statistically. In this study, no typical features of fat embolism syndrome were identified in any of the patients.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.