Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) in children is increasingly becoming an important cause of global child morbidity and mortality. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical spectrum of TB in children under the age of 15 years and document any changes that occur over time. Materials & Methods: This observational study was conducted in the pediatric outpatient department (OPD) of 250 Bedded TB Hospital, Shyamoli, Dhaka, from October'2016 to January'2017. A total 71 children of both sex up to 15 years of age, who were diagnosed as having TB and attended the pediatric OPD of TB hospital during the four months study period were enrolled. The data was analyzed on the basis of patient's age, gender, socioeconomic status, mode of presentation, BCG vaccination status, history of contact with smear positive TB patient, clinical findings, investigations and associated co-morbidities. Results: This study revealed that among the 71 cases of TB, (72%) had extra-pulmonary TB (EPTB) and (28%) had pulmonary TB (PTB), the commonest age group was 6 to 15 years with male preponderance (51%). Pulmonary TB was diagnosed mostly clinically (60%) followed by positive sputum smear result (20%), gastric aspirate for acid-fast bacilli AFB (5%) and sputum for Gene Xpert (5%). Distribution of extra-pulmonary TB (EPTB) according to the organ involvement was TB lymphadenitis (49%), osteoarticular TB (19.6%) and abdominal TB (5.9%). Cervical lymphadenopathy was the commonest presentation (76%) among the EPTB cases. Tuberculin skin test (TST) was positive in (69%) cases. Among the total cases (90%) children had TB alone whereas (10%) had other co-morbid disease along with TB. Conclusion: Extra-pulmonary TB (EPTB) was more prevalent among the childhood TB cases in a tertiary level set up Md. Mozammel Haque et al.: Pattern of Childhood Tuberculosis in the Outpatient Department of a Tertiary Level Hospital in Dhaka City where cervical TB lymphadenitis was the commonest.
Background: Bacterial etiologies of febrile illnesses have significantly become important due to high mortality and morbidity. Objective: This study aimed to identify the prevalence of rickettsial fever, brucellosis, and typhoid fever by triple antigen test. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted at TMSS Medical College Bogura district in Bangladesh for 6 months. Febrile patients aged from 1 to 65 years of both sexes were recruited from the outpatient department of this Medical College Bogura. Blood sample were taken from all patients for antibody test by microscopic plate agglutination test according to manufacturer instruction. Results: A total of 140 patients were enrolled and 74/140 (52.86%) patients were positive by any of three antigens, among them female were 54/74 (72.97%), most common age group was 21 to 30 years which was 22/74(29.73%), TO titre was greater than TH titre, which was 24/36 (66.66%). Conclusion: The study has underscored the importance of febrile antigen detection for bacterial diseases including zoonosis such as ricketial fever, brucellosis and typhoid fever in febrile patient and thus reducing diagnostic dilemma of febrile diseases. However, further diagnostic tests for diagnosis of febrile illnesses also needed. This will be helpful for febrile patients to receive the correct diagnoses and facilitation of accurate and prompt treatment. Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2020;7(1):18-21
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