A combination of pioglitazone, Peg-IFN-alpha-2b and ribavirin increased RVR, SVR and decreased IR, compared with patients given Peg-IFN plus ribavirin without an increase in adverse events.
In this work, a smart solar still prototype for water desalination is designed. It consists of a basic solar still, a solar preheater and a remote monitoring system based on the Internet of Things (IoT) technique. The monitoring system is developed and integrated into the hybrid solar still in order to control its evolution online, as well the quality of the freshwater provided by checking measured parameters such as pH. Thanks to the IoT technique, parameters collected by the monitoring system (e.g., air temperatures, relative humidity, etc.) are uploaded to the cloud for online remote monitoring. The users are notified by an SMS about the status of the system (e.g., water level in the basin, water in the tank, etc.), using an GSM module. The whole system, including the preheater, water pump, valve, sensors and an electronic board, is powered by a photovoltaic module of 75 Wp. The results showed that by adding a solar preheater system, the evaporation process is accelerated and, consequently, the daily yield is improved and reaches the value of 12.165 L/m2/day. The saline concentration of the tested ground water is 3.9 g/Kg (0.39%), and, after desalination, the salinity is 0.1 g/Kg (0.01%).
Many people prefer to drink bottled water instead off the tap water. The bottled water is stored in the plastic bottles sometimes for long time. These plastic bottles might leach out some harmful materials into the water especially when exposed to temperature alteration, which may affect human health. This research work focused on investigating the effect of changing temperature on the bottled water quality. The work studied the effect of heating water in plastic bottles by sun, oven, and microwave. The study included also the impact of cooling and freezing the bottled waters. Results showed that temperature alterations caused changes in some physicochemical properties of bottled waters such as decreasing the values of pH and TDS and increasing levels of fluoride and chloride. In addition, the concentration levels of some physiochemical parameters exceeded the permissible values for drinking water. With temperature alterations, all levels of heavy metals in bottled waters were minimal except some small concentrations of copper and zinc. Results confirmed also differences in behavior between the bottled water brands exposed to the same temperature alterations. Heating bottled waters above 50 °C is alarming problem on the water quality. This is because above this degree, many alternations were observed in the water content. The outcomes of this work are useful for improving the current legislation on bottled waters and their storage.
Abstract-The IoT based emission test system produces authentic digital emission test certificates. The objective is to overcome some of the disadvantages of the current emission test system where the sensor values are easily altered in the certificates in order to avoid vehicle servicing overhead in case of exceeding the standard emission threshold. Current system of emission test certificate generation requires manually collecting the sensor readings and generating paper-based certificates where veracity of the information on the certificate is not ensured. The proposed technology automatically collects the sensor readings, encrypts the sensor data along with vehicle details and transferring data to the certification authority (CA) for processing over the cloud. The CA is responsible for verifying the authenticity of received data, producing corresponding results and making it available to the authenticated users. This technology induces efficiency, authenticity and integrity by minimizing the manual work.
The aim of this work is to prevent the public drinking from water coolers, by using an auto-detection process, if the quality of water is low. Therefore, the proposed water treatment management system for allows the activation of dispensers to provide the best-quality water coolers. The objective is to investigate the quality of the drinking water from coolers in public places in Madinah and to provide clean, safe, and healthy drinking water for the general public. The methodology consisted of performing different analyses, tests, and water treatments, such as physicochemical analyses of the water samples, measurements of the different concentrations of anions, measurements of the concentrations of heavy metals, and bacteriological tests of the water samples. Therefore, 66 water samples were tested, and the experimental values were compared with the reference values given by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Saudi Standards, Metrology, and Quality Organization (SASO) for drinking water. The tests revealed that the physicochemical parameters (pH, EC, TDS, and TH) of different water sources (95.5%) were in accordance with the SASO and WHO values. In addition, all the analyzed water samples (100%) contained permissible levels of nitrates, sulfates, nitrites, and free residual chlorine, as indicated by the results. However, 68.2% of the samples studied had fluoride concentrations below the standard limits. Furthermore, heavy metals such as lead, iron, and others were tested for all water coolers. The measured findings indicated that just one cooler exceeded the permissible limit of 0.3 mg/L for Fe, and the biological contamination testing revealed that 4.5% of the coolers were infected with coliforms. Finally, this research suggests that water coolers should be regularly maintained. Additionally, using the best design for the water desalination process is very important to give the best drinking water quality.
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