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Calixarene based solid-state potentiometric sensor for direct assay of indiscriminate ephedrine content in weight loss herbal products.

Currently, analytical scientists are paying special attention to reducing reliance on hazardous chemicals in various analytical methods. By embracing this concept, we developed an eco‐friendly high‐performancethin‐layer chromatography (HPTLC) method as an alternative for the conventional HPLC method for the determination of an essential human micronutrient, niacin (NIA), which is used improve the lipid profile of patients. Furthermore, the proposed HPTLC method is capable of determining the structurally related impurities of NIA such as pyridine‐2,5‐dicarboxylic acid, isonicotinic acid, pyridine, and 5‐ethyl‐2‐methylpyridine, which exhibit nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic effects. The separation of this challenging mixture was achieved on HPTLC sheets using a mixture of ethyl acetate/ethanol/ammonia solution (6:4:0.05, v/v/v), and then the dried plates were scanned at 254 nm. The analytical eco‐scale assessment protocol was used to assess the greenness profile of the presented method and compare it with the reported HPLC method. The suggested method was found to be greener with regard to the consumption of solvents and the yielding of waste. The results suggest that the described method can be safely implemented for the routine analysis of NIA pharmaceutical dosage without the interference of potential impurities in quality control laboratories.

Factors affecting the performance of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) based ISE were recently the scope of study by several researchers; however, no enough data has related to the thickness of the PVC membrane to performance characteristics and sensitivity of sensors. The current work introduces an ecofriendly experimental approach to evaluate the effect of membrane composition including ion exchanger and plasticizer along with thickness on the performance of a PVC sensor for determination of a tocolytic selective ß 2 -agonist; ritodrine HCl (RTH), in presence of its active impurity, tyramine. Thirteen different PVC membranes were prepared by varying the content of ion exchanger types and amounts constructing different thickness to address their effect on their performance characteristics. A comparative study was held among the fabricated sensors for determination of RTH in pharmaceutical dosage form, and biological fluids including human plasma and urine. It was found that the thickness of liquid membrane electrodes had a remarkable effect on the sensitivity of PVC based ion-selective electrode. The proposed sensors proved acceptable selectivity for RTH against tyramine and common inorganic species. The proposed technique presents a green alternative to reported ones by saving cost, time and effort, and yielding of the minimum amount of wastes.