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The study included clinical investigation on pneumonia that caused by Mannheimia haemolytica (M. haemolytica) in sheep of Basrah Province, also isolation and identification were done and confirmed the diagnosis by PCR technology. The blood samples and nasal swabs were collected from 410 local sheep breeds of both sexes, and different ages. The results showed that from 410 sheep there were 25 healthy against clinical and cultural tests, which concerned as control group. The rest 385 sheep were revealed clinical pneumonia. The most important pneumonic signs included coughing, fever, abnormal lung sounds, dyspnoea, depression, mucopurulent nasal discharge as well as loss of appetite and separated from the herd. The laboratory bacterial culture and biochemical tests for samples from 385 pneumonic sheep appeared M. haemolytica in 81 (21 %) cases, which characterised by moist, round, white or grey colony with β-type haemolysis on blood agar. On MacConkey agar showed pink-red pinpoint colonies. While when stained by gram stain appeared as pink, short rods or coccobacilli and bipolar in methylene blue stain. The biochemical reactions included negative indole, urease and citrate whereas positive for oxidase and catalase tests. The PCR technique indicated that from 81 isolates there were 48 59, 2% cases had evidence by Rpt2 gen as M. haemolytica in local sheep of Basrah Province.

This study was carried out on 250 locally sheep collected from four sides of Thi-Qar Governorate. The clinical, hematological, trace elements changes in naturally occurring minerals deficiency in sheep were described. Anemia & Pale mucous membranes, Alopecia &steely wool, Diarrhea, parakeratosis, pica and abortion constituted the main signs and symptoms. The respiratory and heart rates were significantly higher (p<0.05) in mineral deficient sheep than in normal control sheep in one side of province. Values of total erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume were significantly lower (p<0.05) in mineral deficient sheep than in normal control sheep. Significant differences were not found in total leukocyte count and differential leukocyte count values in sick and normal control sheep. Copper, Zinc and Iron values in the serum were significantly lower (p<0.05) in mineral deficient than in normal control sheep. The erythrocytes morphology appeared a abnormal shapes and size, this refer to Macrocytic hypochromic anemia and Normocytic hypochromic anemia, It was concluded that a significant changes were noticed between diseased and control sheep in clinical hematological values and trace elements and abnormal erythrocytes morphology, deficiency of a single element seldom occurs under field condition in Thi-Qar Governorate.

The present study was conducted to identify the prevalence of brucellosis among buffaloes in Basra governorate, via examination of serum samples from 250 she buffaloes reared in different Basra reigns. Sera were examined firstly by rose Bengal test (RBT) followed by indirect enzyme linked immunsorbent assay (Elisa). The result of RBT indicated that from 250 buffaloes serum samples there were 27(10.8%) positive against Brucella abortus antigen. Elisa test was performed on 88 sera samples that included a 27 RBT positive sera and other 61 negative sera, and the result revealed that 21(23.8%) seropositive sera for Brucella abortus. According to the regions of Basra Governorate the percentage rate of brucellosis were indicated in: Al Hartha 6(5,28%) then Al Qurna 5(4,4%), Al Dear 4(3.5), Al Zubair 3(2.6%), Al Medaina 2(1.76%) and Al Tanooma 1(0.88%). More over, infection in older animals found more significant (P < 0.05) than in youngness, beside that infection rate were high in pregnant buffaloes in compared with non pregnant animals. Conclusion: the brucellosis of buffaloes in Basra governorate were caused by B. abortus and were more prominent in pregnant animals, therefore animals screening of suspected animals was advised,

The investigation on Heat-Intolerance Syndrome following foot and mouth disease (FMD) infection in cattle in ThiQar–Iraq, used 3ABC FMD ELISA kit, and Radio- immunoassay (RIA) to detect the cortisol level. From 105 there were 65(62%) infected cattle with FMD, which was high at 5- less 8 years old, while the cortrisol level showed three levels; normal (13-21 nmol⁄L), high and low levels were; 6(5.6%), 44(42%) and 55(52%) subsequently. More over the combined result of ELISA and RIA had divided cattle into six groups. First group of 40(38%) cattle infected with FMD and had low level of cortisol, this group containing 21(20%) with clinical signs of heat intolerance. Second group contain 22(21%) FMD infected cattle with high level of cortisol. Third group of 3(2.8%) FMD Infected cattle but normal cortisol level. Fourth group included 3(2.8%) not infected by FMD with normal cortisol level. Fifth group contain 22(21%) not infected with FMD but had high level of cortisol may related to stress. Sixth group consisted 15 (14%) cattle not infected with FMD and had low level of cortisol due to un known cause.Clinical signs of heat intolerance that showed in 21 head of cattle in the first group were: panting, overgrowth of hair coat, emaciation and seeking for shad. The diseased cow known locally as ”Mahrorah” meaning heat-intolerance.

Aim:The study was conducted in Basrah, Iraq, to diagnose congenital arthrogryposis-hydranencephaly syndrome caused by Akabane virus (AKAV) in calves.Materials and Methods:Affected animals (42 calves) are about 2-27 days old from both sexes show signs of arthrogryposis and hydranencephaly. Eight clinically healthy newborn calves were considered as controls. Diagnosis of AKAV was confirmed using a competition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test.Results:Results show that all affected calves were found seropositive. Furthermore, a significant increase in total leukocyte count in diseased calves due to a significant increase in the absolute lymphocyte number indicated in affected calves than in controls. Moreover, a significant increase in sedimentation rate of erythrocytes was also encountered in diseased calves than in controls. In addition, a significant increase in haptoglobin level and fibrinogen was also detected.Conclusion:Diagnosis of AKAV infection of Basrah Governorate, Iraq, will provide useful epidemiological information for cattle and other domesticated animals. Therefore, abortion could be prevented and controlled.

The study was conducted on (96) local sheep breeds of different ages and both gender reared in Basrah, Iraq. Suspected animals show signs of night blindness, abortion of pregnant ewes, diarrhea with passing of normal small fecal materials ,nervous sings (such as paralysis of skeletal muscles, blindness due to constriction of the optic nerve canal, convulsions encephalopathy). Moreover diseased animals were also show panting and changing of skin .The levels of vitamin A and Beta carotene were estimated by ELISA test and results showed that local sheep suffer from hypo vitaminosis A with mean level of(1.8 nmol/l). However according to regions of Basrah deficiency of vitamin A and carotenes respectively were indicated of center of Basra (1.7nmol/land 11.2 ng/ml). AlQurna (1.7 nmol/l and 15.9 ng/ml) .Azzubair (2.1 nmol/l and 26.3 ng/ml). Shateelarab (1.2nmol/l and 17.7 ng/ml).and Abulkhaseeb (2.0 nmol/l and 16.8ng/ml) It have been concluded that local sheep breeds of Basra province were suffer from hypovitaminosis A, therefore animals reared in those area should be screened periodically.